• Intern Emerg Med · Apr 2020

    Review

    Effects of dual inhibition of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system on cardiovascular and renal outcomes: balancing the risks and the benefits.

    • Giuliano Tocci, Barbara Citoni, Vivianne Presta, Giovanna Leoncini, Francesca Viazzi, Barbara Bonino, Massimo Volpe, and Roberto Pontremoli.
    • Hypertension Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
    • Intern Emerg Med. 2020 Apr 1; 15 (3): 373-379.

    AbstractChronic kidney disease is a worldwide health problem often burdened by severe cardiovascular complications. Hypertension represents one of the most important risk factor in affecting cardiovascular profile of chronic kidney disease patients. Since renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a major role in determining cardiovascular outcome, guidelines recommend the use of renin-angiotensin-aldosteron inhibitors in order to control hypertension.

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