• A G Kerr, D P Andersson, M Rydén, P Arner, and I Dahlman.
• From the , Lipid Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
• J. Intern. Med. 2020 Aug 1; 288 (2): 219-233.

ObjectivePatients undergoing bariatric surgery present long-term metabolic improvements and reduced type 2 diabetes risk, despite long-term weight regain. We hypothesized that part of these protective effects could be linked to altered gene expression in white adipose tissue (WAT).MethodsTranscriptomic profiling by gene microarray was performed in abdominal subcutaneous WAT from women before (n = 50) and two (n = 49) and five (n = 38) years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery as well as in 28 age-matched nonoperated women.ResultsIn the obese women, the average body weight decrease was 38 kg 2 years postsurgery followed by an 8 kg weight regain between 2 and 5 years. Most of the long-term changes in WAT gene expression occurred during the first 2 years. However, a subset of genes encoding proteins involved in inflammation displayed a continued decrease between baseline, 2 and 5 years, respectively; that is an expression pattern independent of body weight regain. Expression of 71 of these genes correlated with measurements of adipocyte morphology or serum adipokine levels.ConclusionThe continuous improvement in WAT inflammatory gene expression, despite body weight relapse, may contribute to the sustained effects on adipose morphology after bariatric surgery.© 2020 The Authors. Journal of Internal Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Association for Publication of The Journal of Internal Medicine.

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