• Eur. J. Intern. Med. · Aug 2020

    Multicenter Study

    Influence of sex on long-term prognosis in patients with atrial fibrillation treated with oral anticoagulants. Results from the prospective, nationwide FANTASIIA study.

    • Inmaculada Roldán Rabadán, María Asunción Esteve-Pastor, Manuel Anguita Sánchez, Javier Muñiz, Martín Ruiz Ortiz, Francisco Marín, Vanessa Roldán, María Angustias Quesada, José Camacho Siles, Angel Cequier Fillat, Vicente Bertomeu Martinez, Manuel Martínez Sellés, Lina Badimón, and FANTASIIA Study Investigators.
    • Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Po. Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación de La Paz (IDIPAZ), CIBER-CV, Spain. Electronic address: iroldanra@gmail.com.
    • Eur. J. Intern. Med. 2020 Aug 1; 78: 63-68.

    BackgroundWhile many risk factors for Atrial Fibrillation (AF) have been identified, there are important differences in their relative impact between sexes. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of sex as a long-term predictor of adverse events in "real world" AF patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants.MethodsThe FANTASIIA registry is a prospective, national and multicentric study including outpatients with anticoagulated AF patients. Baseline characteristics and adverse events at 3 years of follow-up were collected and classified by sex. Cox multivariate analysis was performed to investigate the role of sex in major events and composite outcomes.ResultsA total of 1956 patients were included in the study. 43.9% of them were women, with a mean age of 73.8 ± 9.4 years (women were older 76.5 ± 7.9 vs 71.7 ± 10.1, p<0.001). Women had higher rate of cardiovascular risk factors and higher mean of CHA2DS2-VASc (4.4 ± 1.4 vs 3.7 ± 1.6, p<0.001) and HAS-BLED (2.1 ± 1.0 vs 1.9 ± 1.1, p<0.001) than men. After 3 years of follow-up, rates of major events were similar in both groups with limit difference for all-cause mortality (4.4%/year in women vs 5.6%/year in men; p = 0.056). However, all the composite events were more frequent in women. We observed in the non-adjusted adverse events lower rate of all-cause mortality (HR 0.62, 95%CI 0.47-0.81; p<0.001), composite 1 outcomes (HR 0.80, 95%CI 0.65-0.98; p = 0.029) and composite 2 (HR 0.77, 95%CI 0.64-0.94; p = 0.010) in women compared with men. In multivariate Cox regression analysis observed that female sex was an independently protector factor for all-cause mortality and for the composite outcomes 1 and 2.ConclusionsIn this "real world" study of anticoagulated AF patients, women could have a protective role against development of adverse events, mainly on all-cause mortality and combined events.Copyright © 2020 European Federation of Internal Medicine. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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