AIDS reviews
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Antiretroviral (ARV) drugs have become the cornerstone of care and treatment for AIDS in North America, Brazil, and Europe. Twenty years into the epidemic, and more than 10 years after the introduction of ARV's, effective global treatment of AIDS, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where the epidemic is most concentrated, is an extraordinary challenge. ⋯ Implementation of safe, effective, and equitable access to ARV's in Africa should be cognizant of the guidelines for ARV treatment in the Northern countries. Careful observation and operational research to accrue more African data, and evaluate regional and local solutions to this daunting challenge, will identify new approaches to scaling-up of ARV treatment.