Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Landiolol, an ultra-short-acting β₁-blocker, more effectively terminates atrial fibrillation than diltiazem after open heart surgery: prospective, multicenter, randomized, open-label study (JL-KNIGHT study).
Recent studies have suggested that esmolol is the first choice for rate control in patients with postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) after coronary artery bypass surgery, but side-effects of esmolol such as hypotension are problematic. To overcome this problem, landiolol, an ultra-short-acting β(1)-blocker with a less negative inotropic effect than esmolol, has been developed. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether landiolol was effective for both rate control and conversion to normal sinus rhythm (NSR). ⋯ Landiolol is more effective and safer than diltiazem for patients with postoperative AF after open heart surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass with intra-aortic balloon pump improves organ function and reduces endothelial activation.
We aimed to evaluate if the use of an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) during cardioplegic arrest improves organ function and reduces endothelial activation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). ⋯ Pulsatile flow by IABP improves whole-body perfusion and reduces endothelial activation during CPB.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of tranexamic acid on transfusion requirement in dual antiplatelet-treated anemic patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Anemia is not rare in patients presenting for coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) and as these patients are frequently on dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), the coexisting conditions could potentially increase the risk of bleeding and transfusion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of tranexamic acid (TA) on blood loss and transfusion in preoperatively anemic patients who continued DAPT until within 5 days of off-pump CABG (OPCAB). ⋯ TA infusion could reduce the amount of transfusion during the perioperative period in patients with preoperative anemia who continue DAPT until within 5 days of OPCAB.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
'A single night' beneficial effects of adaptive servo-ventilation on cardiac overload, sympathetic nervous activity, and myocardial damage in patients with chronic heart failure and sleep-disordered breathing.
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), including Cheyne-Stokes respiration with central sleep apnea (CSR-CSA), causes a deterioration in the prognosis of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Adaptive servo-ventilation (ASV) and oxygen therapy (O(2)) are useful for improving the CSR-CSA of CHF. The purpose of the present study was to examine the short-term effects of ASV and O(2) on suppressing SDB (CSR-CSA dominant) in CHF, and the accompanying neurohumoral abnormalities (cardiac overload, sympathetic nervous activation, and myocardial damage). ⋯ ASV reduces cardiac overload, attenuates sympathetic nervous activity and ongoing myocardial damage effectively in CHF patients with SDB, and for patients who cannot use ASV, O(2) is an alternative therapy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Randomized study on the efficacy and safety of landiolol, an ultra-short-acting β1-adrenergic blocker, in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.
It is still controversial whether intravenous administration of β-blocker in the very acute phase of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is beneficial. Landiolol is an ultra-short-acting β-blocker that has less effect on blood pressure, but little is known about its efficacy and safety for patients with AMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). ⋯ Early intravenous administration of landiolol in patients with AMI undergoing PCI is safe and has the potential to improve cardiac function and inhibit cardiac remodeling in the chronic phase.