Ugeskrift for laeger
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Ugeskrift for laeger · May 1990
Review[Urinary retention in connection with postoperative pain treatment with epidural opioids].
The incidence of retention of urine in cases of postoperative epidural opioid analgesia varies from 15% to 90%. The extent to which this phenomenon depends upon the dosage employed has not been elucidated. The cause of postoperative retention of urine (PU) is probably a combination of the central and peripheral effect of the opiate involving altered autonomic activity. ⋯ Carbacholine is not effective in the treatment of postoperative retention of urine. In animal experimental studies, kappa-receptor agonists have an analgesic effect without urodynamic side-effects but no clinical trials on man have hitherto been undertaken. When postoperative retention of urine occurs after epidural opioid treatment, clean intermittent catheterization or introduction of a thin suprapubic catheter are recommended.
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Ugeskrift for laeger · May 1990
[Home accidents involving children. An epidemiologic investigation].
During a period of 1 year, 1,590 product-related domestic accidents among 0-15 year-olds were registered prospectively at the casualty wards of Aarhus County Hospital and Randers Central Hospital. This registration was carried out as a part of the Danish participation in the E. E. ⋯ An accumulation of accidents (48%) among a few main groups of products was discovered; constructional features of the house, do-it-yourself tools, furniture, toy- and sports equipment and vehicles for baby and child transport. Dangerous accidents in the age group 0-4 years were caused by hot objects, chemicals and kitchen utensils. Most of the lesions were localized to the hands and fingers (31%) and the face and head (30%), which is alarming.
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During the periods March 1 1983 to February 29, 1984 in the Aarhus County Hospital and from November 1 1982 to November 30 1983 in the Central Hospital in Randers, a total of 47 scalding accidents in children were registered among 338 burns resulting from accidents in the home. The incidence of scalds was greatest in the age group 0-2 years. ⋯ The commonest accident mechanism was scalding when the child pulled a cloth or electric cable attached to a coffee machine, thereby upsetting a container of hot water. This explains why the most frequent localizations of scalding were the face, head, neck, trunk and upper limbs.
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Based on a review of the literature, hemodynamic signs and measurements in severe preeclampsia are described. Advantages and disadvantages of various hemodynamic methods and resulting indications for therapy are discussed. We found that in respect of hemodynamic monitoring in severe preeclampsia there are no indications for central venous pressure and conclude that at present there is no alternative to right heart catheterization (Swan-Ganz catheter).
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Two cases of serious burns in children resulting from accidents with camomile tea are reported. Inhalation of steam from camomile tea is a homely remedy for inflammation in the upper respiratory tract but meticulous care should be observed on account of the risk of burns.