European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging
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Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging · Oct 2016
One registration multi-atlas-based pseudo-CT generation for attenuation correction in PET/MRI.
The outcome of a detailed assessment of various strategies for atlas-based whole-body bone segmentation from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was exploited to select the optimal parameters and setting, with the aim of proposing a novel one-registration multi-atlas (ORMA) pseudo-CT generation approach. ⋯ The proposed algorithm is capable of generating decent attenuation maps. The quantitative analysis revealed a good correlation between PET images corrected for attenuation using the proposed pseudo-CT generation approach and the corresponding CT images. The computational time is reduced by a factor of 1/N at the expense of a modest decrease in quantitative accuracy, thus allowing us to achieve a reasonable compromise between computing time and quantitative performance.
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Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging · Oct 2016
(18)F-FDG-PET/CT for systemic staging of newly diagnosed triple-negative breast cancer.
National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines recommend (18)F-FDG-PET/CT, in addition to standard staging procedures, for systemic staging of newly diagnosed stage III breast cancer patients. However, factors in addition to stage may influence PET/CT utility. As breast cancers that are negative for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor (triple-negative breast cancer, or TNBC) are more aggressive and metastasize earlier than other breast cancers, we hypothesized that receptor expression may be one such factor. This study assesses (18)F-FDG-PET/CT for systemic staging of newly diagnosed TNBC. ⋯ F-FDG-PET/CT revealed distant metastases in 15 % of patients with stage IIB TNBC. Stage IIB patients upstaged to 4 by (18)F-FDG-PET/CT had significantly shorter survival than those who were not, consistent with (18)F-FDG-PET/CT detecting an increased burden of disease. This study provides further evidence that populations of patients with stage IIB breast cancer, such as TNBC, should be considered for systemic staging with (18)F-FDG-PET/CT at the time of initial diagnosis.
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Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging · Oct 2016
Potential role of (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT in screening for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour in patients with von Hippel-Lindau disease.
Neuroendocrine tumours of the pancreas (pNET) are observed in 8 - 17 % of patients with von Hippel-Lindau disease (vHLD), and 11 - 20 % of these patients develop metastatic disease. MRI and CT have a very high resolution; however, their sensitivity and specificity for the detection of pNET amongst cystic lesions in the pancreas of vHLD patients are generally considered insufficient. In contrast, (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT demonstrates a high sensitivity for the diagnosis and staging of neuroendocrine tumours. In this study we investigated the potential role of (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT in screening of patients with vHLD. ⋯ In this study, (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET detected pNETs in a higher proportion of patients with vHLD than found in previous studies with (111)In-octreoscan, the imaging method recommended by the NCCN. We therefore suggest (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT as the more sensible screening tool.
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Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging · Oct 2016
Case ReportsBiodistribution and radiation dosimetry of (68)Ga-PSMA HBED CC-a PSMA specific probe for PET imaging of prostate cancer.
Positron emission tomography (PET) agents targeting the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) are currently under broad clinical and scientific investigation. (68)Ga-PSMA HBED-CC constitutes the first (68)Ga-labelled PSMA-inhibitor and has evolved as a promising agent for imaging PSMA expression in vivo. The aim of this study was to evaluate the whole-body distribution and radiation dosimetry of this new probe. ⋯ The use of (68)Ga-PSMA HBED-CC results in a relatively low radiation exposure, delivering organ doses that are comparable to those of other (68)Ga-labelled PSMA-inhibitors used for PET-imaging. Total effective dose is lower than for other PET-agents used for prostate cancer imaging (e.g. (11)C- and (18)F-Choline).
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Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging · Oct 2016
Comparative Study Controlled Clinical TrialComparison of RECIST, EORTC criteria and PERCIST for evaluation of early response to chemotherapy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.
To compare the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) criteria and the Positron Emission Tomography Response Criteria in Solid Tumors (PERCIST) 1.0 using PET volume computer-assisted reading (PET VCAR) for response evaluation in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with chemotherapy. ⋯ EORTC criteria and PERCIST 1.0 are more sensitive and accurate than RECIST 1.1 for the detection of an early therapeutic response to chemotherapy in patients with NSCLC. Although EORTC criteria and PERCIST 1.0 showed similar results, PERCIST 1.0 is preferred because detailed and unambiguous definitions are given. We also found that response evaluations with PERCIST 1.0 using a single lesion and multiple lesions gave similar response classifications.