African health sciences
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African health sciences · Mar 2016
Co-occurrence of Helicobacter pylori with faecal bacteria in Nairobi river basin: public health implications.
Overwhelming evidence implicates Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) as an etiologic agent of gastrointestinal diseases including gastric cancer. The mode of transmission of this pathogen remains poorly understood. ⋯ The high presence of faecal bacteria in the waters sampled did not parallel the H. pylori detection in the same waters. H. pylori was detected in the Nairobi river basin, but there was no relationship between the numerical levels of fecal bacteria and H. pylori.
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African health sciences · Mar 2016
A study of asymptomatic bacteriuria in Egyptian school-going children.
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are a common and important clinical problem in childhood. Upper urinary tract infections (i.e., acute pyelonephritis) may lead to renal scarring, hypertension, and end-stage renal disease. Despite the presence of simple and reliable methods of preliminary screening of children's urine, urinary tract infection continues to be under diagnosed. ⋯ Asymptomatic bacteriurea could be detected by urine screening program at school age. Overall prevalence of significant bacteriuria was 6%, with predominance in girls than boys.
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African health sciences · Mar 2016
Vitamin D status in the first-trimester: effects of Vitamin D deficiency on pregnancy outcomes.
To assess serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in the first trimester and to determine the factors affecting deficiency levels and its association with pregnancy outcomes. ⋯ A high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was observed in early pregnancy which was related to dress code, use of multi-vitamins and season at sampling. Low 25(OH)D levels were not related with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Women with severe vitamin D deficiency were more likely to deliver vaginally.
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African health sciences · Mar 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialA randomised controlled trial comparing the effect of adjuvant intrathecal 2 mg midazolam to 20 micrograms fentanyl on postoperative pain for patients undergoing lower limb orthopaedic surgery under spinal anaesthesia.
Intrathecal adjuvants are added to local anaesthetics to improve the quality of neuraxial blockade and prolong the duration of analgesia during spinal anaesthesia. Used intrathecally, fentanyl improves the quality of spinal blockade as compared to plain bupivacaine and confers a short duration of post-operative analgesia. Intrathecal midazolam as an adjuvant has been used and shown to improve the quality of spinal anaesthesia and prolong the duration of post-operative analgesia. No studies have been done comparing intrathecal fentanyl with bupivacaine and intrathecal 2 mg midazolam with bupivacaine. ⋯ On the basis of the results of this study, there was no significant difference in the duration of effective analgesia between adjuvant intrathecal 2 mg midazolam as compared to intrathecal 20 micrograms fentanyl for patients undergoing lower limb orthopaedic surgery.
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African health sciences · Mar 2016
Flexible bronchoscopy contribution in the approach of diagnosis and treatment of children's respiratory diseases: the experience of a unique pediatric unit in Tunisia.
Our study aimed at assessing the role of flexible bronchoscopy (FB) in improving diagnosis and management of children's respiratory conditions in the pediatric unit of FB, newly created and unique in Tunisia. ⋯ FB is a safe tool providing precious diagnostic and/or therapeutic help for the clinician.