African health sciences
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African health sciences · Dec 2020
Observational StudyClinical and microbiological profile of adult inpatients with community acquired pneumonia in Ilorin, North Central, Nigeria.
The optimal management of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) depends on the clinical and microbiological profile in the locality. ⋯ CAP constitutes a significant disease burden in Ilorin, Nigeria. Typical bacteria accounted for over half of the pathogens isolated from the patients with gram negative agents predominating. This highlights a possible shift in the microbiological profile which could guide empirical treatment.
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African health sciences · Dec 2020
Does shared decision making increase prostate screening uptake in countries with a low prevalence of prostate cancer?
Men over 50 should discuss the benefits and harms of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing with their doctors. ⋯ Our findings suggest that less than one fourth discussed the advantages and disadvantages of PSA testing with their physicians; of these, less than one third underwent PSA blood tests. Improvements are needed in SDM for and against PSA screening. SDM does not affect the intensity of PSA testing. Primary health care physicians should be actively involved in the SDM process.
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African health sciences · Dec 2020
A multilevel analysis of the determinants of handwashing behavior among households in Eswatini: a secondary analysis of the 2014 multiple indicator cluster survey.
Handwashing with soap has received considerable attention due to its importance in the prevention and interruption of the transmission of diseases. Regardless of the positive effects of handwashing with soap, developing countries still have a low rate of handwashing. ⋯ Households headed by young adults, with pit latrine or no toilet facility at all and lived in the Hhohho and Manzini regions and with low access to mass media, should be targeted for interventions aimed at improving handwashing practices.
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African health sciences · Dec 2020
Acute effects of electronic cigarette smoking on ventricular repolarization in adults.
Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use is constantly increasing. However, the association between e-cigarette use and ventricular arrhythmia is unknown. Thus, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the markers of ventricular repolarization such as QT interval, corrected QT (QTc), QT dispersion (QTd), peak-to-end interval of the T wave (Tp-e), corrected Tp-e and Tp-e/QT ratios in e-cigarette users. ⋯ This is the first study to show the disruption of ventricular repolarization properties in e-cigarette users. E-cigarette use in terms of public health leads to augmentation of transmural dispersion of repolarization, which may be potential indicator of ventricular arrhythmogenesis.
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African health sciences · Dec 2020
Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among children with primary nephrotic syndrome: a cross-sectional study.
Limited data are available about the prevalence of helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection among primary NS children. ⋯ The current study negates the increased risk of H.pylori infection in children with primary NS.