African health sciences
-
African health sciences · Mar 2022
Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli isolated from children with acute diarrhoea at Rakai hospital, Southern Uganda.
Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is a leading cause of childhood diarrhoea. This study estimated the prevalence of DEC and DEC pathotypes among children with acute diarrhoea in Southern Uganda. ⋯ DEC is prevalent in children with acute diarrhoea in Southern Uganda and its identification in children should be considered among strategies for combatting childhood diarrhoea in Africa.
-
African health sciences · Mar 2022
Case ReportsParvovirus b19 infection in children with sickle cell disease, watch out for splenomegaly! A case report.
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited hemoglobinopathy characterized by the presence of hemoglobin S in red blood cells. This polymerizes, distorting the red blood cells, which occlude the microcirculation and have a shorter halflife, giving rise to a chronic hemolytic anemia. This anemia is worsened by parvovirus B19, as it compromises the erythroid precursor, causing a decrease in erythrocyte production. These patients sometimes present with splenic sequestration, characterized by acute blood entrapment in the spleen, with clinical signs of hypovolemic shock. The simultaneous appearance of both leads to an extremely severe situation that requires urgent action. ⋯ Patients with SCD and parvovirus B19 infection must be closely observed for splenomegaly since an early identification of an enlarging spleen can lead to an early diagnosis of this complication.
-
African health sciences · Mar 2022
The EPIYA-ABCC motif of Helicobacter pylori cagA gene and gastric carcinogenesis in Casablanca population.
H. pylori infection induce atrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM) that can lead to gastric cancer (GC). The severity of gastric lesions is related to H. pylori genetic diversity. The oncogenic potential of H. pylori cagA virulence factor is linked to its high polymorphic EPIYA motifs. ⋯ The EPIYA-ABCC motif might be a useful marker for the identification of patients at high risk of developing IM that can lead to GC.
-
African health sciences · Mar 2022
Detection of tem-1 and class-1 integrons in multidrug resistant uropathogens from HIV patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria in a Tertiary Care Hospital, SouthWest Nigeria.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals are at increased risk of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) due to immune suppression. The increasing resistance of uropathogens necessitates the need for regular monitoring of their profile to reduce drug resistance. ⋯ There is a higher burden of ASB characterized by multi-drug resistant uropathogens among HIV patients. Thus emphasizing the need for continuous resistance surveillance and antibiotic stewardship in our environment to reduce drug resistance and prevent treatment failure.
-
African health sciences · Mar 2022
Human Papillomavirus types prevalence and their association with cervical dysplasia among HIV and non-HIV infected women attending reproductive health clinics in Eastern Kenya.
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) causes over 99% of all cervical cancer globally. In 2019; it was responsible for 3,286 deaths in Kenya. Understanding the epidemiological distribution of HPV genotypes by cervical dysplasia and HIV infection is important in designing prevention strategy and management of cervical cancer. ⋯ Cervical dysplasia was associated with more mixed-lr/hrHPV genotypes among HIV-infected than HIV-uninfected women. The finding adds to the pool of knowledge the epidemiological data required in determining the population at risk for cervical cancer.