African health sciences
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African health sciences · Sep 2023
Values of serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C after percutaneous coronary intervention for early diagnosis of contrast-induced nephropathy.
Serum creatinine (SCr) is not a sensitive and reliable index for the early diagnosis of acute kidney injury caused by contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). The aim of this study was to explore the values of serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and cystatin C (Cys-C) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for the early diagnosis of CIN. ⋯ The serum NGAL and Cys-C levels of patients after PCI reflect the early changes of renal function, which are valuable for early CIN diagnosis.
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African health sciences · Sep 2023
Imaging classification and BIRADS assessment of cystic breast lesions with pathologic correlates. a 5-year experience in Zaria, North West Nigeria.
Breast cysts encompass a variety of pathologies, both benign and malignant. Therefore, classifying cysts into different categories is needful to develop a management algorithm. This study aimed to describe and distinguish between simple, complicated and complex cysts; and compare the final BIRADS assessment with pathologic findings. ⋯ Majority of the breast cysts (83%) were benign with overall 17% incidence of malignancy. Complex cysts were the most frequent cyst type in our study, it is also the category most frequently associated with breast cancer, obviating the need for histology.
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African health sciences · Sep 2023
Case ReportsReproductive health challenges of an African school girl: a case report on non-bulging imperforate hymen with haematocolpometra during Covid-19 pandemic.
Several schoolgirls attain reproductive age with undiagnosed gynaecological problems which pose challenges in their livelihood. These conditions include precocious puberty, congenital reproductive tract abnormalities, and delayed sexual development. Many children with these conditions face additional challenges including physical pain, psychological trauma and delayed diagnosis. ⋯ A wide rather than narrow partial hymenectomy prevents obliteration of the hymenal orifice after surgery for imperforate hymen. There is a need for timely interventions such as counselling and community awareness that prevent undue consequences of an imperforate hymen and its treatment including pain and possible inability to pass cultural virginity test in some African communities.
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African health sciences · Sep 2023
Prevalence, causes and associated factors of visual impairment and blindness among older population in outreach site, Northwest Ethiopia. A dual center cross-sectional study.
The study aimed to determine the prevalence, causes, and associated factors of visual impairment and blindness among the older population in Outreach sites, Northwest Ethiopia. ⋯ the prevalence of visual impairment and blindness in this study was found to be high. Age, residency, educational status, occupational status, and history of eye examination were significantly associated with visual impairment and blindness.
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African health sciences · Sep 2023
A cross-sectional study of prevalence and predictors of risky sexual behavior among school-going adolescents in Mbarara municipality, Uganda.
Adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa are at a greater risk of experiencing the adverse consequences of risky sexual behavior such as unwanted pregnancy and school drop-out than adolescents from other regions. ⋯ Most of the participants were not sexually active, however, among the sexually active students, more than half engaged in risky sexual behavior. This finding suggests the need to introduce comprehensive sex education with a focus on safe sex practices in secondary schools in Uganda.