African health sciences
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African health sciences · Mar 2022
Factors affecting adherence to anti-retroviral therapy among women attending HIV clinic of a tertiary health institution in SouthEastern, Nigeria.
Strictly adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is needed to achieve viral suppression. Studies have focused on HIV positive pregnant women's adherence. Factors affecting non-pregnant HIV positive women's adherence has been understudied in Enugu. ⋯ Adherence to ART was low among the women attending the HIV clinic in Enugu. Adherence counseling and education should be provided before ART initiation. Strategies to reduce stigma, increase family support, and improve healthcare providers' attitudes should be employed.
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African health sciences · Mar 2022
Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli isolated from children with acute diarrhoea at Rakai hospital, Southern Uganda.
Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is a leading cause of childhood diarrhoea. This study estimated the prevalence of DEC and DEC pathotypes among children with acute diarrhoea in Southern Uganda. ⋯ DEC is prevalent in children with acute diarrhoea in Southern Uganda and its identification in children should be considered among strategies for combatting childhood diarrhoea in Africa.
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African health sciences · Mar 2022
Association between physical activity knowledge and attitude on diabetes among normal weight and overweight/obese type-2 diabetic patients: a rural community-based cross-sectional study.
Physical activity is one of the most important regimens for the treatment of diabetes. Hence, we aimed to examine the association between physical activity knowledge (PAK), knowledge and attitude on diabetes among rural T2DM patients. ⋯ The results have impact on the design of new education programs will assist in preventing and managing complications related to T2DM.
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African health sciences · Mar 2022
A gender comparison of psychological distress among medical students in Nigeria during the Coronavirus pandemic: a cross-sectional survey.
The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic as a large scale stressor could have negative effects on the mental health of medical students. Since gender differences in mental health may exist, it is important to see if a large scale stressor like the pandemic may be associated with variances in the psychological distress between both genders. ⋯ Females had more psychological distress compared to male students. It is recommended that gender-specific interventions addressing psychological distress among medical students are instituted.
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African health sciences · Mar 2022
Case ReportsParvovirus b19 infection in children with sickle cell disease, watch out for splenomegaly! A case report.
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited hemoglobinopathy characterized by the presence of hemoglobin S in red blood cells. This polymerizes, distorting the red blood cells, which occlude the microcirculation and have a shorter halflife, giving rise to a chronic hemolytic anemia. This anemia is worsened by parvovirus B19, as it compromises the erythroid precursor, causing a decrease in erythrocyte production. These patients sometimes present with splenic sequestration, characterized by acute blood entrapment in the spleen, with clinical signs of hypovolemic shock. The simultaneous appearance of both leads to an extremely severe situation that requires urgent action. ⋯ Patients with SCD and parvovirus B19 infection must be closely observed for splenomegaly since an early identification of an enlarging spleen can lead to an early diagnosis of this complication.