Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care
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J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) · Apr 2012
ReviewSevere burn injury, burn shock, and smoke inhalation injury in small animals. Part 1: burn classification and pathophysiology.
To review the literature related to severe burn injury (SBI), burn shock, and smoke inhalation injury in domestic animals. Current animal- and human-based research and literature were evaluated to provide an overview of thermal burn classification and the pathophysiology of burn shock and smoke inhalation injury. ⋯ Local burn injury rarely leads to systemic illness whereas SBI leads to significant metabolic derangements that require immediate and intensive management. SBI results in a unique derangement of cardiovascular dysfunction known as "burn shock." The physiologic changes that occur with SBI can be divided into 2 distinct phases; the resuscitation phase and the hyperdynamic hypermetabolic phase. The resuscitation phase occurs immediately following SBI and lasts for approximately 24-72 hours. This period of hemodynamic instability is characterized by the release of inflammatory mediators, increased vascular permeability, reduced cardiac output, and edema formation. The hyperdynamic hypermetabolic phase begins approximately 3-5 days after injury. This phase is characterized by hyperdynamic circulation and an increased metabolic rate that can persist up to 24 months post burn injury in people.
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J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) · Apr 2012
Evaluation of transvesical intra-abdominal pressure measurement in hospitalized dogs.
To (1) evaluate intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) measurements in dogs with possible risk factors for the development of intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH); (2) determine intra-observer variability of IAP measurements; and (3) determine interobserver variability of IAP measurements. ⋯ Dogs with predefined human risk factors for IAH had higher IAP than dogs without risk factors. IAP monitoring appears to have low variability within and across observers.
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J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) · Apr 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialA comparison of 3 anesthetic protocols for 24 hours of mechanical ventilation in cats.
To compare the recovery times, recovery quality, and cardiovascular (CV) effects of 3 anesthetic protocols during 24 hours of mechanical ventilation (MV) in healthy cats. ⋯ Cats anesthetized with P had shorter times to full recovery compared to K. Cats anesthetized with K required fewer interventions for bradycardia or hypotension but had longer recovery times compared to P or PK. Protocol PK reduced the propofol dose required to maintain optimal anesthesia.
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J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) · Apr 2012
ReviewUpdates in the American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and potential applications to veterinary patients.
To review the updates in the American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and identify potential applications to veterinary patients. ⋯ The prognosis for any patient undergoing cardiopulmonary arrest remains guarded.
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J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) · Apr 2012
ReviewSevere burn injury, burn shock, and smoke inhalation injury in small animals. Part 2: diagnosis, therapy, complications, and prognosis.
To review the evaluation and treatment of patients suffering from severe burn injury (SBI), burn shock, and smoke inhalation injury. Potential complications and prognosis associated with SBI are also discussed. ⋯ The prognosis of SBI in domestic animals is unknown. Based on information derived from human literature, patients with SBI and concomitant smoke inhalation likely have a worse prognosis than those with SBI or smoke inhalation alone.