Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care
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J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) · May 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialEvaluation of PaO2 /FiO2 and SaO2 /FiO2 ratios in postoperative dogs recovering on room air or nasal oxygen insufflation.
To evaluate partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood/fractional percentage of inspired oxygen (PaO2 /FiO2 ) and SaO2 /FiO2 ratios (where SaO2 is percentage of oxyhemoglobin saturation in arterial blood), and the correlation between PaO2 /FiO2 and SaO2 /FiO2 , in healthy dogs recovering postoperatively on room air versus nasal oxygen insufflation. ⋯ In this population of postoperative dogs breathing either room air or with nasal oxygen insufflation, PaO2 /FiO2 and SaO2 /FiO2 had excellent correlation. Further evaluation into the correlation between SaO2 /FiO2 or pulse oximeter oxygen saturation (SpO2 )/FiO2 with PaO2 /FiO2 in both healthy dogs, and dogs with pulmonary dysfunction is warranted.
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J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) · May 2016
Retrospective evaluation of shortened prothrombin time or activated partial thromboplastin time for the diagnosis of hypercoagulability in dogs: 25 cases (2006-2011).
To evaluate the relationship between shortened prothrombin time (PT) or activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) values, clinical findings associated with hypercoagulability, suspicion of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), D-dimer concentrations, and thromboelastogram (TEG) indices. ⋯ A shortened PT or aPTT in dogs may be indicative of a hypercoagulable state as evidenced by an increased incidence of thrombosis, frequency of suspected PTE, and increased circulating D-dimers. A prospective study is warranted to further evaluate the use of PT and aPTT to diagnose hypercoagulable states.
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J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) · May 2016
Assessment of hemostatic changes in a model of acute hemorrhage in dogs.
To evaluate hemostatic changes following experimental acute hemorrhage in dogs using traditional coagulation tests (eg, platelet count, prothrombin time [PT], and activated partial thromboplastin time [aPTT]), kaolin-activated thromboelastography (TEG), and whole blood multiple electrode impedance platelet aggregometry. ⋯ Platelet dysfunction occurred following hemorrhage in this model, despite a stable platelet count. Additionally, significant changes associated with hemorrhage were documented in aPTT, fibrinogen, and MA. Platelet function testing in dogs with naturally occurring hemorrhage warrants further investigation.
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J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) · May 2016
ReviewA systematic review of human and veterinary applications of noninvasive tissue oxygen monitoring.
To describe the methodology for and utilization of tissue oxygen monitoring by near infrared spectroscopy, and to review the current literature on the use of this monitoring modality in human and veterinary settings. ⋯ Tissue oxygen monitoring is most commonly performed utilizing a noninvasive, portable monitor, which provides real-time, continuous, repeatable StO2 measurements. A decline in StO2 is an early indicator of shock in both human and veterinary patients. Low StO2 values in human patients are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and length of hospitalization, as well as the development of multiple organ system dysfunction and surgical site infections.
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J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) · May 2016
Development of anemia, phlebotomy practices, and blood transfusion requirements in 45 critically ill cats (2009-2011).
To describe the incidence of the development of anemia, the number of phlebotomies performed daily, the approximate volume of blood withdrawn, the transfusion requirements and their association with duration of hospitalization and survival to discharge in critically ill cats. ⋯ Development of anemia necessitating blood transfusions is common in critically ill cats and leads to significantly longer duration of ICU hospitalization. Iatrogenic anemia from frequent phlebotomies is an important cause for increased transfusion requirement. Fewer phlebotomies and other blood conserving strategies in these patients may help reduce the incidence of anemia and decrease transfusion requirements, as well as result in shorter hospital stays.