Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation
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Turk J Anaesthesiol Reanim · Apr 2020
The Effect of Tranexamic Acid Administration on Perioperative Bleeding in Patients Undergoing Knee or Hip Arthroplasty: A Single-Centre Retrospective Study.
Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been used to reduce perioperative bleeding in various surgeries because of its antifibrinolytic effect. Recently, patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery in our institution received a loading dose of TXA (10 00 mg) before surgery, followed by 100 mg h-1 until the end of surgery. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of TXA administration on the perioperative blood loss in patients undergoing knee arthroplasty or hip arthroplasty. ⋯ The administration of TXA (loading dose of 1000 mg and continuous infusion of 100 mg h-1) reduced postoperative transfusion and perioperative blood loss. These results indicated that TXA administration is useful for reducing perioperative blood loss in patients undergoing knee or hip arthroplasty.
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Turk J Anaesthesiol Reanim · Apr 2020
ReviewPostoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Paediatric Anaesthesia.
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication in paediatric anaesthesia and is a source of significant morbidity. Various independent risk factors have been implicated in the development of paediatric PONV, including higher pain scores postoperatively, the use of opioids for pain management and the use of volatile anaesthetics for the maintenance of anaesthesia. This review of the current literature regarding the prevention and treatment of paediatric PONV is based on a search of the PubMed database, which identified published clinical trials, systematic reviews and meta-analyses. ⋯ Frequently administered drug classes for the prevention of PONV include corticosteroids, 5HT3 antagonists and anticholinergics. The clinical use of the findings in the literature may help to reduce the occurrence of PONV in children. In this review, we provide comprehensive and updated information on the risk factors contributing the occurrence of PONV in children, outline the current opinion on the drugs that are commonly used for management and provide an overview of the guidelines that are used to help establish the prophylaxis and treatment of paediatric PONV.