IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering
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This paper describes the design of an adaptive closed-circuit anesthesia controller based on a multiplexed mass spectrometer system. The controller deals with measurement deterioration caused by measurement delay and rise time through a long catheter as well as long sampling times due to the multiplexed measurements. ⋯ A multiple-step-ahead predictive control algorithm is used to calculate intermediate control inputs between sampling intervals. Simulations are used to validate the designed controller.
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IEEE Trans Biomed Eng · Oct 1992
Fuzzy control of mean arterial pressure in postsurgical patients with sodium nitroprusside infusion.
We developed a fuzzy control system to provide closed-loop control of mean arterial pressure (MAP) in postsurgical patients in a cardiac surgical intensive care unit setting by regulating sodium nitroprusside (SNP) infusion. The fuzzy controller, originally expert-system-based, was analytically converted to ten nonfuzzy control algorithms, which reduced execution time dramatically. The core of the control algorithms was a nonlinear proportional-integral (PI) controller whose proportional gain and integral gain adjusted continuously according to error and rate change of error of the process output. ⋯ The control algorithms, encoded in C programming language, were implemented to control MAP in patients. Preliminary clinical results showed that the average percentage of time in which MAP stayed between 90% and 110% of the MAP setpoint was 89.31%, with a standard deviation of 4.96%. These were calculated based on 12 patient trials, with total trial time of 95 and 13 min.