Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery
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Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg · Oct 2012
ReviewIs cerebrospinal fluid drainage of benefit to neuroprotection in patients undergoing surgery on the descending thoracic aorta or thoracoabdominal aorta?
A best evidence topic in cardiac surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was 'Is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage of benefit in patients undergoing surgery on the descending thoracic aorta or thoracoabdominal aorta?' Altogether 1177 papers were found using the reported search, of which 17 represented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The authors, journal, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes and results of these papers are tabulated. ⋯ Logistic regression curves demonstrated that the longer the ischaemia time, the greater the benefit from CSF drainage (P < 0.04). Four papers observed complications of CSF drainage, of which the main complications were: catheter occlusion or dislodgement, headache, meningitis and subdural haematoma. Overall, CSF drainage does offer a neuroprotective benefit; preventing paraplegia if CSF pressures are maintained <10 mmHg.
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Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg · Oct 2012
ReviewIs it worth packing the head with ice in patients undergoing deep hypothermic circulatory arrest?
A best evidence topic in cardiac surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was: Is it worth packing the head with ice in patients undergoing deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA)? Altogether more than 34 papers were found using the reported search, of which 7 represented the best evidence to answer the clinical question, 5 of which were animal studies, 1 was a theoretical laboratory study and 1 study looked at the ability to cool using circulating water 'jackets' in humans. There were no available human studies looking at the neurological outcome with or without topical head cooling with ice without further adjunct methods of cerebral protection. ⋯ The final study discussed here demonstrated the use of circulating water to the head in humans undergoing pulmonary endarterectomy. They found that tympanic membrane temperatures could be maintained significantly lower than bladder or rectal temperatures when using circulating water to cool the head. We conclude that topical head cooling with ice is of use during DHCA but not during rewarming following DHCA and that it may be possible to advance topical head cooling techniques using circulating water rather than packed ice.
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Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg · Oct 2012
Simple preoperative computed tomography image analysis shows good predictive performance for pathological vessel invasion in clinical stage IA non-small cell lung cancer.
Pathological vessel invasion is a well-known prognostic factor in early-stage, non-small cell lung cancer and preoperative predicting vessel invasion may enable us to improve prognosis by additional interventions. We evaluated the importance of vessel invasion as a prognostic factor in clinical stage IA non-small cell lung cancer and predictive performance of simple diameter-based computed tomography image analysis for vessel invasion. ⋯ Vessel invasion had the greatest impact on recurrence in clinical stage IA non-small cell lung cancer. Our simple computed tomography image analysis showed good predictive performance for vessel invasion.
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Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg · Oct 2012
Case ReportsSurgical management of the left superior vena cava draining into the left atrium: a novel off-pump technique using the left atrial appendage.
The left superior vena cava is the most common congenital venous anomaly in the chest; however, its drainage into the left atrium is exceptional. The aim of the paper is to describe our novel technique to connect the left superior vena cava to the right cavities using the left atrial appendage, without cardiopulmonary bypass.
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Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg · Oct 2012
Case ReportsDelayed visceral malperfusion after Bentall procedure for type A acute aortic dissection.
Rapid restoration of flow into the true lumen and obliteration of a false lumen is considered the optimal approach to treating malperfusion syndrome due to acute aortic dissection. However, organ malperfusion can occasionally persist after proximal aortic graft replacement despite redirecting blood flow into the true lumen. A 35-year old man underwent the modified Bentall procedure for Stanford type A acute aortic dissection without organ malperfusion. ⋯ We immediately performed a left axillary-to-bilateral femoral artery bypass. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged on postoperative day 28. Although organ malperfusion persisting after proximal aortic graft replacement despite redirecting blood flow into the true lumen is rare, close observation remains imperative after central repair of type A dissection.