Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association
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Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. · Jan 2008
The incidence of arterial thromboembolic diseases in inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based study.
We aimed to determine if there was an increased risk for arterial thromboembolic diseases (ATED) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). ⋯ IBD patients are more likely to have cardiac ATED, regardless of diagnosis or sex. Crohn's disease has an increased risk for cerebral ATED. Smoking, the prothrombotic aspect of systemic inflammation, or a genetic predisposition may contribute to the risk.
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Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. · Jan 2008
Bispectral index monitoring of conscious sedation with the combination of meperidine and midazolam during endoscopy.
background & aims: Current practice guidelines strongly recommend differentiation of deep from moderate sedation during endoscopy. Standard methods of sedation monitoring are labor-intense. Bispectral index monitoring (BIS) is widely used during anesthesia, but its benefits during conscious sedation are controversial. Thus, we performed a prospective observational study to assess its ability for detecting deep sedation during endoscopy. ⋯ BIS has a low accuracy for detecting deep sedation as a result of a considerable overlap of scores across the sedation levels. Further refinements in BIS are needed to differentiate deep from moderate sedation for future studies on conscious sedation.