Chemotherapy
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Comparative Study
Experimental evidences for a role of subinhibitory concentrations of rilopirox, nystatin and fluconazole on adherence of Candida spp. to vaginal epithelial cells.
Candidiasis is frequently localized in the mucosal epithelium which covers the vaginal and oral cavity. The pathogenicity of Candida is correlated with its ability to adhere to epithelial cells and this is the resultant of both fungal and host cell properties and their physicochemical interactions. This study was performed to investigate the ability of subinhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of rilopirox, a new antimycotic drug, to interfere with the adhesion of Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata to human vaginal cells, in comparison with sub-MICs of nystatin and fluconazole. ⋯ Rilopirox, nystatin and fluconazole have different mechanisms of action, and different molecular weights, so a comparative analysis of data was performed by means of their sub-MICs. On this basis the order of activity was nystatin [symbol: see text] rilopirox > fluconazole. These findings can be of use for optimizing also the posologic design by regarding sub-MICs which are still active in reducing the adhesiveness of Candida to cells of the vaginal mucosa.
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Comparative Study
Reduced susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to cetylpyridinium chloride and chlorhexidine.
Sensitivities of 120 strains of Staphylococcus aureus to methicillin, cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and chlorhexidine (CH) were measured by the agar dilution technique. The MICs for CPC and CH were < or = 2 micrograms/ml in 93 and 83% of methicillin-sensitive S. aureus, respectively, and > 2 micrograms/ml in 81 and 83% of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), respectively. ⋯ The MICs for CPC and CH also predicted the relative susceptibilities of S. aureus strains to the bactericidal action of these agents in growth and time-kill studies. The possibility that antiseptics and disinfectants contribute to the selection and maintenance of multiply resistant MRSA is considered.