Journal of global antimicrobial resistance
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J Glob Antimicrob Resist · Jun 2020
Review2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak: A new challenge.
Following the public-health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 30 January 2020 and the recent outbreak caused by 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) [officially renamed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)] in China and 29 other countries, we aimed to summarise the clinical aspects of the novelBetacoronavirus disease (COVID-19) and its possible clinical presentations together with suggested therapeutic algorithms for patients who may require antimicrobial treatment. ⋯ The new 2019-nCoV epidemic is mainly associated with respiratory disease and few extrapulmonary signs. However, there is a low rate of associated pre-existing respiratory co-morbidities.
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J Glob Antimicrob Resist · Mar 2020
Multicenter Study Observational StudyImplementing antimicrobial stewardship to reduce surgical site infections: Experience and challenges from two tertiary-care hospitals in Mumbai, India.
Surgical site infections (SSIs) contribute significantly to post-surgical morbidity globally. Antimicrobial stewardship programmes (ASPs) are essential to reduce SSI rates and to curb antimicrobial resistance, especially in low-and-middle-income countries. This prospective study aimed to show the reproducibility of ASP implementation and SSI prevention measures in a semi-private institution with high perioperative prophylactic antimicrobial consumption beyond guidelines. ⋯ Implementing SSI prevention guidelines, including proper antimicrobial prophylaxis, is feasible and reproducible among different hospital settings, leading to a significant decrease in prophylaxis costs. SSI rates do not differ following the same international standards.
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J Glob Antimicrob Resist · Dec 2019
Meta AnalysisColonisation with extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in pregnant/post-partum women: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Maternal colonisation with extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing micro-organisms can lead to transmission of such pathogens to neonates, resulting in considerable morbidity. The aim of this study was to determine the global prevalence of maternal colonisation with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E). ⋯ There was heterogeneity regarding ESBL-E colonisation rates in different continents. The pooled prevalence rate was higher in Africa compared with other areas. Given that the highest rate was observed in Africa, implementing screening efforts for ESBL-E colonisation during pregnancy may be justified.
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J Glob Antimicrob Resist · Sep 2019
Barriers to implementing antimicrobial stewardship programmes in three Saudi hospitals: Evidence from a qualitative study.
This study explored antimicrobial stewardship programme (ASP) team members' perspectives regarding factors influencing the adoption and implementation of these programmes in Saudi hospitals. ⋯ This is the first qualitative study exploring barriers to ASP adoption and implementation in Saudi hospitals from the perspective of ASP team members. Formal endorsement of ASPs from the MoH as well as hospital enforcement of policies and provision of human and health IT resources would improve the adoption and implementation of ASPs in Saudi hospitals.
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J Glob Antimicrob Resist · Jun 2019
Mutant selection window of disinfectants for Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
The aim of this study was to determine the mutant selection window (MSW) of various disinfectants against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates to determine the tendency of these strains to acquire resistance to disinfectants. ⋯ This is the first evaluation of the bactericidal activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa strains surviving in the MSW of disinfectants. Environmental disinfection at low concentrations of sodium hypochlorite does not kill micro-organisms. Proper use of sodium hypochlorite shows a bactericidal effect against various pathogenic micro-organisms and is inexpensive, making it frequently used globally.