Annals of family medicine
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Annals of family medicine · Jan 2023
The Association of Birth Weight and Early Childhood Weight Trajectories with the incidence of Type II Diabetes.
Background: Perinatal factors, including gestational age, birthweight, size-for-gestational age, delivery route, maternal parity, maternal age, and socioeconomic status, have been linked to the long-term incidence of chronic comorbidities. We evaluated the association of birth size characteristics and early childhood growth trajectories with Type II diabetes (DM2) in adolescence and adulthood. Methods: We conducted a population-based, nested case-control study in a birth cohort of infants born to residents of Olmsted County, MN between 1976-1982, using the resources of the Rochester Epidemiology Project. ⋯ The odds of being large-for-gestational-age versus average were significantly lower for DM2 cases compared to matched controls (OR 0.51; 95%CI 0.29-1.89) and the mean birthweight was significantly lower for DM2 cases compared to controls (mean [SD], 3379 [642]g vs. 3583 [540]g, p=0.002). Conclusion: Low birth weight, large for gestational age and a late term pregnancy were associated with DM2 after age 10 years compared with age- and sex-matched controls from the same birth cohort. Weight gain trajectories through 66 months of age were not associated with DM2.
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Annals of family medicine · Jan 2023
Assessing Electronic Cigarette Use and Depressive Symptoms among Adolescents in Kansas.
Purpose: The use of electronic cigarette has been increasing among adolescent in the United States population. With depression as a major risk factor for suicide in adolescent, this study examined depressive symptoms and electronic cigarette dependence in this age group. Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective patient chart review at a pediatric clinic in the Midwestern United States, from May 2021 to September 2021. ⋯ Findings of the mixed model analyses indicated that there was not a significant association between electronic cigarette dependence and depressive symptoms (OR=1.07; 95% confidence interval, 0.93-1.23; P=.0365). Conclusions: Our finding shows that while a third of adolescents screened positive for depression and majority (88%) depended on electronic cigarettes, there was no association between the outcomes. Future larger studies are needed to better understand the association between electronic cigarettes dependence and depressive symptoms as reported in the literature.
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Annals of family medicine · Jan 2023
Community-Based Participatory Research Approach to Qualitatively Examining Menstrual Health Experiences in Philadelphia, PA.
Context: Menstruation is a highly stigmatized topic across social, familial, and medical communities. Some people who menstruate experience severe symptoms, such as excessive bleeding or debilitating cramps. Roughly half of the world's population will menstruate at some point in their lives, thus destigmatized management of menses is critical. ⋯ Conclusions: Participants described vastly different experiences, biases, and needs regarding their menstrual periods. It is vital for providers to recognize that even though menstruation is a common physiologic process, every individual has different experiences. Further efforts to normalize and destigmatize menstruation, especially in health care settings is crucial.
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Annals of family medicine · Jan 2023
Shifts in recruitment demographics due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic for the CAPTURE COPD Study.
Context: Primary Care Research seeks to "meet our patients where they are" to make research more accessible and inclusive. During the COVID-19 pandemic, recruitment practices shifted. Letters, emails, phone calls took the place of in-person recruitment. ⋯ Although there was a trend toward fewer AA/Black enrollees and enrollees 45-64 through virtual recruitment, the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, remote recruitment significantly increased the proportion of male participants but trended toward reduced proportion of AA/Black participants as well as those between the age of 45-64. These results suggest changing recruitment strategies between in person and virtual can alter recruitment outcomes.
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Annals of family medicine · Jan 2023
Evaluation of Childhood Beverage Consumption and Perceptions of Water Safety.
Context: Children ages 1-3 should consume about 35oz of plain water per day. The CDC and AAP recommend that children under 12 months do not receive any juice and children over 12 months should receive no more than 4oz of 100% juice with no sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). SSB consumption is associated with overweight and obesity, as well as an increase of tooth decay. 22% of preschool children do not regularly drink plain water and 46% regularly drink SSBs. ⋯ Conclusions: Children drank more juice and SSBs and less water than recommended. Previous assessment suggests that families may be more open to beverage consumption changes that other lifestyle changes that prevent childhood obesity. Improved perceptions of tap water safety may be a possible mechanism to decrease juice and SSB and increase water consumption.