Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
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J. Thromb. Haemost. · Mar 2012
ATP-gated P2X1 ion channels protect against endotoxemia by dampening neutrophil activation.
In sepsis, extracellular ATP, secreted by activated platelets and leukocytes, may contribute to the crosstalk between hemostasis and inflammation. Previously, we showed that, in addition to their role in platelet activation, ATP-gated P2X(1) ion channels are involved in promoting neutrophil chemotaxis. ⋯ P2X(1) ion channels play a protective role in endotoxemia by negatively regulating systemic neutrophil activation, thereby limiting the oxidative response, coagulation, and organ damage.
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J. Thromb. Haemost. · Mar 2012
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyEuropean and American suspected and confirmed pulmonary embolism populations: comparison and analysis.
If the prevalence of pulmonary embolism (PE) differs significantly between the US and Europe, this observation could reduce the generalizability of diagnostic protocols for PE derived in either location. ⋯ Among patients suspected of a PE and those ultimately diagnosed with a PE, European patients had higher acuity, a higher pretest probability and worse outcome than US patients. The present study underscores the importance of disease prevalence for pretest probability scoring approaches and for significance interpretation of imaging tests.
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J. Thromb. Haemost. · Mar 2012
Unfractionated heparin dosing in young infants: clinical outcomes in a cohort monitored with anti-factor Xa levels.
Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is a widely used anticoagulant. Current American College of Chest Physicians guidelines for infants extrapolated from adults recommend 28 U kg(-1) h(1) of UFH to achieve an anti-factor Xa level of 0.35-0.7 IU mL(-1). ⋯ UFH monitoring is challenging in infants. Despite their delay in reaching therapeutic anti-FXa levels, infants monitored with the adult-based anti-FXa range have a high thrombus resolution rate, no thrombus progression, but a relatively high bleeding rate. Extreme APTT elevation may contribute to this bleeding risk, particularly in critically ill patients. Current UFH guidelines for young infants may still be inadequate, and laboratory methods with age-appropriate ranges may be required to further improve clinical outcomes within this population.
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J. Thromb. Haemost. · Mar 2012
Plasma-derived human antithrombin attenuates ventilator-induced coagulopathy but not inflammation in a Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia model in rats.
Mechanical ventilation exaggerates pneumonia-associated pulmonary coagulopathy and inflammation. We hypothesized that the administration of plasma-derived human antithrombin (AT), one of the natural inhibitors of coagulation, prevents ventilator-induced pulmonary coagulopathy, inflammation and bacterial outgrowth in a Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia model in rats. ⋯ Plasma-derived human AT attenuates ventilator-induced coagulopathy, but not inflammation and bacterial outgrowth in a S. pneumoniae pneumonia model in rats.