JAMA network open
-
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), grounded in mindfulness, focus on purposely paying attention to experiences occurring at the present moment without judgment. MBIs are increasingly used by patients with cancer for the reduction of anxiety, but it remains unclear if MBIs reduce anxiety in patients with cancer. ⋯ In this study, MBIs were associated with reductions in anxiety and depression up to 6 months postintervention in adults with cancer. Future trials should explore the long-term association of mindfulness with anxiety and depression in adults with cancer and determine its efficacy in more diverse cancer populations using active controls.
-
Multicenter Study
Internal and External Validation of a Machine Learning Risk Score for Acute Kidney Injury.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Current methods to identify patients at high risk of AKI are limited, and few prediction models have been externally validated. ⋯ In this study, the machine learning algorithm demonstrated excellent discrimination in both internal and external validation, supporting its generalizability and potential as a clinical decision support tool to improve AKI detection and outcomes.
-
The optimum duration of adjuvant trastuzumab among patients with early breast cancer is uncertain but of great therapeutic relevance. ⋯ In this study, a shorter duration of adjuvant trastuzumab was noninferior to its 1-year administration and resulted in lower rates of cardiac toxic effects. These results suggest that a shorter duration may be the preferred option for patients with low-risk disease or a predisposition to cardiac toxic effects.
-
International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes are used to characterize coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related symptoms. Their accuracy is unknown, which could affect downstream analyses. ⋯ These findings suggest that ICD-10 codes lack sensitivity and have poor NPV for symptoms associated with COVID-19. This inaccuracy has implications for any downstream data model, scientific discovery, or surveillance that relies on these codes.
-
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a major public health concern because of its high-volume industrial production, ubiquitous exposure to humans, and potential toxic effects on multiple organs and systems in humans. However, prospective studies regarding the association of BPA exposure with long-term health outcomes are sparse. ⋯ In this nationally representative cohort of US adults, higher BPA exposure was significantly associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality. Further studies are needed to replicate these findings in other populations and determine the underlying mechanisms.