Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA
-
Kisspeptin and its receptor KISS1R have been found to be essential regulators of reproductive function. Previous data have revealed the presence of Kiss1 and Kiss1r mRNAs in the hypothalamus and the testis of humans and rodents. However, the precise location and possible physiological role of the kisspeptin/KISS1R system in the testis remain ambiguous. ⋯ We discovered that Kiss1 expression in mouse Leydig cells was induced by LH through the cAMP/PKA pathway. Based on the presence of kisspeptin receptors on spermatids, we inferred that kisspeptin and development-related factors have synergistic effects on spermatogenesis. Nevertheless, more studies are required to elaborate the role of the kisspeptin/KISS1R system in testicular development.
-
Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), a novel antidiabetic drug blocks the reabsorption of glucose in proximal tubules of kidney, are demonstrated to have cardiovascular and renal benefits for people with diabetes. The benefits are associated with the significant increase of intrarenal angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2) expression and blood volume contraction. ⋯ Besides, an SGLT2i-induced natriuretic effect may also increase the risk of acute kidney injury and affect the hemodynamic stability during systemic infection disease. In this article, we explain the mechanisms why the use of SGLT2i in people with diabetes may lead to worse outcomes and suggest clinician to judiciously use it during COVID-19 pandemic.
-
Abnormal serum sodium levels in various diseases increase mortality; however, hyperglycemia depresses serum sodium concentration significantly. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical impact of measured serum sodium levels and corrected sodium levels among patients with severe hyperglycemia. ⋯ Among patients with severe hyperglycemia, corrected sodium level is a better indicator of clinical outcomes compared with measured sodium levels, especially in this population with measured hyponatremia.
-
The application of new imaging software for the reconstruction of left atrium (LA) geometry during atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation has not been well investigated. ⋯ The CARTO Segmentation Module and Registration Match View provide better anatomic accuracy and less regional distortion of the LA geometry, and this can prevent excessive contact and potential procedural complications.