Chinese medical journal
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Chinese medical journal · Nov 2024
ReviewLeveraging foundation and large language models in medical artificial intelligence.
Recent advancements in the field of medical artificial intelligence (AI) have led to the widespread adoption of foundational and large language models. This review paper explores their applications within medical AI, introducing a novel classification framework that categorizes them as disease-specific, general-domain, and multi-modal models. ⋯ Additionally, it discusses the evaluation, validation, limitations, and regulation of medical AI models, emphasizing their transformative potential in healthcare. The importance of continuous improvement, data security, standardized evaluations, and collaborative approaches is highlighted to ensure the responsible and effective integration of AI into clinical applications.
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Chinese medical journal · Nov 2024
Epigenetic modification of IGF2/H19 imprinting control region regulates PGC-1α/PI3K/AKT2 pathway in a rat model of intrauterine growth restriction.
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with adverse metabolic outcomes during adulthood. Histone modifications and changes in DNA methylation-affected genes are important for fetal development. This study aimed to confirm the epigenetic mechanisms in IUGR. ⋯ The methylation status and histone modification in the IGF2/H19 ICR are related to growth and lipid metabolism via the PGC-1α/PI3K/AKT2 pathway in IUGR rats.
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Chinese medical journal · Nov 2024
Global burden of lung cancer in 2022 and projected burden in 2050.
Lung cancer is the most common cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and mortality of lung cancer worldwide in 2022 and to project the number of new cases and deaths due to lung cancer in China and the United States in 2050. ⋯ There are significant differences in the incidence and mortality of lung cancer among different regions and sexes. Therefore, sex factors need to be considered in the prevention, screening, and treatment strategies of lung cancer, and the implementation of tertiary prevention measures for lung cancer, especially primary and secondary prevention, needs to be actively promoted.
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Chinese medical journal · Nov 2024
Salvianolate injection ameliorates cardiomyopathy by regulating autophagic flux through miR-30a/becn1 axis in zebrafish.
Salvianolate is a compound mainly composed of salvia magnesium acetate, which is extracted from the Chinese herb Salvia miltiorrhiza. In recent years, salvianolate injection has been widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, but the mechanism of how it can alleviate cardiotoxicity remains unclear. ⋯ This study has proved that salvianolate reduces cardiomyopathy by regulating autophagic flux through the miR-30a/becn1 axis in zebrafish and is a potential drug for adjunctive Dox/Azi therapy.
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Chinese medical journal · Nov 2024
Engineering and targeting potential of CAR NK cells in colorectal cancer.
Colorectal cancer (CRC), a major global health concern, necessitates innovative treatments. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have shown promise, yet they grapple with challenges. ⋯ Nevertheless, the specific mechanisms underlying CAR NK cell trafficking and their interplay within the complex tumor microenvironment require further in-depth exploration. Herein, we provide insights into the design and engineering of CAR NK cells, antigen targets in CRC, and success in overcoming resistance mechanisms with an emphasis on the potential for clinical trials.