Chinese medical journal
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Chinese medical journal · Aug 2022
Randomized Controlled TrialPre-operative nasal probe tests ease insertion during flexible bronchoscopy and reduce post-operative bleeding: a randomized controlled trial.
Nasal insertion is the preferred method for non-intubated patients in flexible bronchoscopy; however, the relatively narrow nasal cavity results in difficulties related to bronchoscope insertion. This study aimed to investigate whether pre-operative nasal probe tests could reduce the time to pass the glottis, improve the first-pass success rate and patients' tolerance, and reduce postoperative bleeding. ⋯ Pre-operative nasal cavity probe tests especially with adrenaline and lidocaine during flexible bronchoscopy can significantly reduce the time to pass the glottis, improve the first-pass success rate, and reduce post-operative nasal bleeding. Pre-operative nasal probe tests are recommended as a time-saving procedure for patients undergoing flexible bronchoscopy.
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Chinese medical journal · Aug 2022
ReviewTumor microenvironment in lung cancer-derived brain metastasis.
Brain metastasis (BM) is the leading cause of mortality in lung cancer patients. The process of BM (from initial primary tumor development, migration and intravasation, dissemination and survival in the bloodstream, extravasation, to colonization and growth to metastases) is a complex process for which few tumor cells complete the entire process. ⋯ This review summarizes recent studies regarding the effects of TME on tumor cells in the entire process of BM derived from lung cancer. The identification of vulnerable targets in the TME and their prospects to provide novel therapeutic opportunities are also discussed.
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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are anuclear particles composed of lipid bilayers that contain nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and organelles. EVs act as an important mediator of cell-to-cell communication by transmitting biological signals or components, including lipids, proteins, messenger RNAs, DNA, microRNAs, organelles, etc, to nearby or distant target cells to activate and regulate the function and phenotype of target cells. ⋯ Furthermore, in recent years, researchers have explored different methods for modifying EVs or enhancing EVs-mediated drug delivery to produce more targeted and beneficial effects. This article will review the characteristics and biogenesis of EVs and their role in lung homeostasis and various acute and chronic lung diseases and the potential therapeutic application of EVs in the field of clinical medicine.
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Chinese medical journal · Aug 2022
Multicenter StudyPrevalence, risk factors, and survival associated with pulmonary hypertension and heart failure among patients with underlying coronary artery disease: a national prospective, multicenter registry study in China.
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the commonest cause of heart failure (HF), whereas pulmonary hypertension (PH) has not been established or reported in this patient population. Therefore, we assessed the prevalence, risk factors, and survival in CAD-associated HF (CAD-HF) complicated with PH. ⋯ PH is common in CAD-HF and worsens the hemodynamics and survival in these patients. Left ventricle enlargement and anemia increase the risk of PH in CAD-HF. Patients may benefit from nitrate medications. Renal impairment, elevated mPAP, DPG ≥7 mmHg, and previous MI are strong predictors of mortality in CAD-HF-PH patients.