Chinese medical journal
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Chinese medical journal · Aug 2024
Oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus and its complications: From pathophysiology to therapeutic strategies.
Oxidative stress due to aberrant metabolism is considered as a crucial contributor to diabetes and its complications. Hyperglycemia and hyperlipemia boost excessive reactive oxygen species generation by elevated mitochondrial respiration, increased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity, and enhanced pro-oxidative processes, including protein kinase C pathways, hexosamine, polyol, and advanced glycation endproducts, which exacerbate oxidative stress. ⋯ Therefore, this review discusses the mechanisms underlying how oxidative stress contributes to diabetes mellitus and its complications. We also summarize the current approaches for prevention and treatment by targeting the oxidative stress pathways in diabetes.
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Chinese medical journal · Aug 2024
Single-cell RNA sequencing in tuberculosis: Application and future perspectives.
Tuberculosis (TB) has one of the highest mortality rates among infectious diseases worldwide. The immune response in the host after infection is proposed to contribute significantly to the progression of TB, but the specific mechanisms involved remain to be elucidated. ⋯ Here, we first briefly introduce the concept of scRNA-seq, followed by a summarization on the application of scRNA-seq to TB. Furthermore, we underscore the potential of scRNA-seq for clinical biomarker exploration, host-directed therapy, and precision therapy research in TB and discuss the bottlenecks that need to be overcome for the broad application of scRNA-seq to TB-related research.
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Chinese medical journal · Aug 2024
RP11-789C1.1 inhibits gastric cancer cell proliferation and accelerates apoptosis via the ATR/CHK1 signaling pathway.
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) plays an important role in the progression of gastric cancer (GC). Their involvement ranges from genetic regulation to cancer progression. However, the mechanistic roles of RP11-789C1.1 in GC are not fully understood. ⋯ In general, we discovered a tumor suppressor molecule RP11-789C1.1 and confirmed its mechanism of action, providing a theoretical basis for targeted GC therapy.