Chinese medical journal
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Chinese medical journal · Apr 2020
ReviewMaternal exercise and its beneficial effects on glucose metabolism in offspring.
It shows that detrimental exposures and conditions in mothers can lead to the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes in offspring. This can lead to a vicious cycle of metabolic dysfunction, where rising rates of obesity, pre-diabetes, and diabetes in individuals of reproductive age, propagating risks to subsequent generations. ⋯ This review aims to demonstrate the evidence linking maternal exercise during critical periods of development and its implications for glucose metabolism in offspring, including intervention timing, sexual dimorphism, different exercise type, and intensity. Then we further examine the potential role of epigenetic modifications in this process.
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Chinese medical journal · Apr 2020
ReviewClinical utility of characterizing intestinal flora in septic kidney injury.
The incidence of septic acute kidney injury (AKI) is increasing, it has become a major threat to human health because of its acute onset, poor prognosis, and high hospital costs. The most common cause of AKI in critical-care units is sepsis. Septic AKI is a complex and multi-factorial process; its pathogenesis is not fully understood. ⋯ Such changes further influence the occurrence and development of AKI. New technology is enabling various detection methods for intestinal flora. Clinical application of these methods in septic renal injury is expected to clarify the relationship among pathogenesis, disease progression mechanism, and intestinal flora.
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Chinese medical journal · Apr 2020
ReviewGut microbiota: closely tied to the regulation of circadian clock in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a worldwide epidemic disease, has caused tremendous economic and social burden, but the pathogenesis remains uncertain. Nowadays, the impact of unrhythmic circadian clock caused by irregular sleep and unhealthy diet on T2DM has be increasingly studied. ⋯ It is now becoming clear that the gut microbiota and the circadian clock interact with each other to regulate the host metabolism. Considering all these above, we reviewed the literature related to the gut microbiota, circadian clock, and T2DM to elucidate the idea that the gut microbiota is closely tied to the regulation of the circadian clock in the development of T2DM, which provides potential for gut microbiota-directed therapies to ameliorate the effects of circadian disruptions linked to the occurrence and development of T2DM.
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Chinese medical journal · Apr 2020
Micro-vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells over-expressing miR-34a inhibit transforming growth factor-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in renal tubular epithelial cells in vitro.
The use of microRNAs in the therapy of kidney disease is hampered by the difficulties in their effective delivery. Micro-vesicles (MVs) are known as natural carriers of small RNAs. Our prior research has demonstrated that MVs isolated from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of attenuating kidney injuries induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction and 5/6 sub-total nephrectomy in mice. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of miR-34a-5p (miR-34a)-modified MSC-MVs on transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced fibrosis and apoptosis in vitro. ⋯ The present study demonstrated that miR-34a-over-expressing MSC-MVs inhibit EMT induced by pro-fibrotic TGF-β1 in renal tubular epithelial cells, possibly through inhibition of the Jagged-1/Notch-1 pathway. Genetic modification of MSC-MVs with an anti-fibrotic molecule may represent a novel strategy for the treatment of renal injuries.