Chinese medical journal
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common chronic respiratory disease of human beings characterized by not fully reversible airflow limitation. Emphysema is the main pathological feature of COPD which causes high mortality worldwide every year and consumes a large amount of medical expenses. This paper was to review the establishment and evaluation methods of animal models of emphysema or COPD, and put forward some new ideas on animal selection, method of modeling, and model evaluation. ⋯ Mice model induced by passive smoking is the classic animal model of emphysema. Pathomorphological indicators are the most important parameters for evaluating the establishment of the animal model of emphysema.
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Chinese medical journal · Oct 2019
ReviewSecreted modular calcium-binding proteins in pathophysiological processes and embryonic development.
Secreted modular calcium-binding proteins (SMOCs) are extracellular glycoproteins of the secreted protein, acidic, and rich in cysteine-related modular calcium-binding protein family and include two isoforms, SMOC1 and SMOC2, in humans. Functionally, SMOCs bind to calcium for various cell functions. In this review, we provided a summary of the most recent advancements in and findings of SMOC1 and SMOC2 in development, homeostasis, and disease states. ⋯ SMOC1 and SMOC2 are critical regulators of many cell biological processes and potential therapeutic targets for the control of human cancers and birth defects.
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Evidence suggests that various diseases may contribute to the circular RNAs (circRNAs) expression disorder. This review was aimed at looking for appropriate biomarkers for the treatment of diseases. ⋯ Changes in circRNA expression profiles related to various diseases, and circRNAs often exhibit low expression in cancer tissues. In addition, circRNAs can be detected in patient's body fluids to indicate that circRNAs are effective biomarkers for disease diagnosis. These characteristics make circRNAs have potential applications as novel therapeutic targets for diseases.
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Chinese medical journal · Sep 2019
Methods used for evaluation of volume retention rate in autologous fat grafting for breast augmentation: a systematic review.
Autologous fat grafting has gained popularity in breast augmentation. Various methods can be used to estimate the volume retention rate. This systematic review aimed to establish whether the type of method used for measuring breast volume is a factor that influences the reported volume retention rate. ⋯ Currently, the tools available for estimating the volume retention rate come with limitations. In order to objectively evaluate the percentage of graft retention, a standard protocol that applies to the different methods should be established in the future.