Chinese medical journal
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Chinese medical journal · Sep 2017
ReviewEpinephrine in Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest: Helpful or Harmful?
Epinephrine is the primary drug administered during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to reverse cardiac arrest. The evidence for the use of adrenaline in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and in-hospital resuscitation is inconclusive. We conducted a systematic review on the clinical efficacy of adrenaline in adult OHCA patients to evaluate whether epinephrine provides any overall benefit for patients. ⋯ The administration of adrenaline was associated with improved short-term survival (ROSC). However, it appears that the use of adrenaline is associated with no benefit on survival to hospital discharge or survival with favorable neurological outcome after OHCA, and it may have a harmful effect. Larger placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized control trials are required to definitively establish the effect of epinephrine.
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Chinese medical journal · Sep 2017
Thermal Ablation in the Management of Adrenal Metastasis Originating from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A 5-year Single-center Experience.
Treatment of adrenal metastasis from lung carcinoma may prolong survival in the selected patients. However, not all patients can undergo surgery; thus, minimally invasive ablation procedures such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA) have gained acceptance as alternative treatment methods. This study summarized a 5-year single-center experience regarding the evaluation of safety and efficacy of computed tomography (CT)-guided thermal ablation in the management of adrenal metastasis originating from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ⋯ RFA and MWA showed comparable efficacy and safety in adrenal metastasis treatment.
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Chinese medical journal · Sep 2017
Characteristics of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines in Airways of Asthmatics: Relationships with Disease Severity and Infiltration of Inflammatory Cells.
Increased proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines might contribute to infiltration of inflammatory cells and remodeling in airways of asthma. Although these molecules may be associated with asthma, there is lack of systemic evidence showing which and how important these events are in the disease. We aimed to analyze the concentrations of these molecules in the airways and relationships with disease severity and with airway infiltration of inflammatory cells in a large cohort of asthmatics (n = 70, including 37 mild and 33 moderate/severe asthmatics) compared with controls (n = 30). ⋯ Increased concentrations of TNF-α and CXCL8 are associated with pathogenesis of asthma. Targeting these molecules might provide an alternative therapeutic for this disease.
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Chinese medical journal · Sep 2017
Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance against Enterobacteriaceae Strains Isolated from Blood: A 10-year Epidemiological Study in Mainland China (2004-2014).
Antimicrobial resistance is a serious problem that compromises the empirical treatment of infections, resulting in a lack of effective antibiotics and high medical expenses. Here, we aimed to monitor the trends in antimicrobial resistance among Enterobacteriaceae isolated from blood samples in mainland China. ⋯ The activity of antibiotics against Enterobacteriaceae isolated from blood was decreased overall. Large proportions of ESBL-producing isolates were identified among E. coli and Klebsiella spp. Carbapenem-resistant isolates have become a major challenge in the treatment of infections.