Chinese medical journal
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Chinese medical journal · Apr 2018
ReviewSpecialized Pro-resolving Mediators Regulate Alveolar Fluid Clearance during Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute and lethal clinical syndrome that is characterized by the injury of alveolar epithelium, which impairs active fluid transport in the lung, and impedes the reabsorption of edema fluid from the alveolar space. This review aimed to discuss the role of pro-resolving mediators on the regulation of alveolar fluid clearance (AFC) in ARDS. ⋯ The present review discusses a novel mechanism for pulmonary edema fluid reabsorption. SPMs might provide new opportunities to design "reabsorption-targeted" therapies with high degrees of precision in controlling ALI/ARDS.
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Since the advent of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology a decade ago, enormous progress has been made in stem cell biology and regenerative medicine. Human iPSCs have been widely used for disease modeling, drug discovery, and cell therapy development. In this review, we discuss the progress in applications of iPSC technology that are particularly relevant to drug discovery and regenerative medicine, and consider the remaining challenges and the emerging opportunities in the field. ⋯ The recent availability of human cardiomyocytes derived from iPSCs opens new opportunities to build in vitro models of cardiac disease, screening for new drugs and patient-specific cardiac therapy.
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The objective of the study was to summarize the role of DNA methylation in the development and metastasis of uveal melanoma (UM). ⋯ Our review reveals the complex mechanisms underlying the tumorigenesis of UM and highlights the great needs of future studies to discover more genes/5'-C-phosphate-G-3' sites contributing to the development/metastasis of UM and explore the mechanisms through which epigenetic changes exert their function in UM.
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Chinese medical journal · Apr 2018
ReviewHydrogen Sulfide Regulating Myocardial Structure and Function by Targeting Cardiomyocyte Autophagy.
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gaseous signal molecule, plays a crucial role in many pathophysiologic processes in the cardiovascular system. Autophagy has been shown to participate in the occurrence of many cardiac diseases. Increasing evidences indicated that H2S regulates myocardial structure and function in association with the altered autophagy and plays a "switcher" role in the autophagy of myocardial diseases. The aim of this review was to summarize these insights and provide the experimental evidence that H2S targets cardiomyocyte autophagy to regulate cardiovascular function. ⋯ H2S exerts cardiovascular protection by regulating autophagy. Cardiovascular autophagy would likely become a potential target of H2S therapy for cardiovascular diseases.
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Chinese medical journal · Mar 2018
ReviewOutcomes of Liver Transplantation Using Pediatric Deceased Donor Livers: A Single-Center Analysis of 102 Donors.
The outcome of pediatric deceased donor liver transplantation (LT) has not been well studied, especially pediatric deceased donor livers used in adult transplantation. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of LT using pediatric deceased donor livers and compare the outcomes between pediatric-to-pediatric LT and pediatric-to-adult LT. ⋯ Pediatric-to-pediatric LT group has similar graft and patient survival rates with those of pediatric-to-adult LT group. Low body weight of recipients is an independent risk factor of early VC in pediatric LT. Patients using donors with hypernatremia have worse graft survival.