New microbes and new infections
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New Microbes New Infect · Nov 2020
ReviewBiochemical parameters and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in vital organs: COVID-19 outbreak in Iran.
Since its emergence, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread worldwide, and led to ever-increasing mortality. SARS-CoV-2 infection perturbs the function of the body's vital organs, making patients of all ages susceptible to the disease. Nevertheless, individuals developing critical illness with poor outcomes were mostly the elderly and people with co-morbid conditions, who constituted the vast majority of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) fatalities. ⋯ A patient's pre-existing conditions may affect the disease prognosis, requiring immediate attention to accurately detect and evaluate them in SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals. This review addresses several issues in relation to manifestations of the body's vital organs along with potential diagnostic blood factors in SARS-CoV-2 infection. It is hoped that the review will lead to more comprehensive understanding of this complex disease.
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New Microbes New Infect · Nov 2020
Transmission routes for SARS-CoV-2 infection: review of evidence.
There is no specific treatment for SARS-CoV-2, and all infection control strategies are based on breaking the transmission chain of virus. The high transmission rate of SARS-CoV-2 has raised many questions about the possible routes of infection transmission. ⋯ Therefore, it is necessary to maintain physical distance and using the face mask. Another routes of transmission are through contaminated surfaces as well as airborne, fecal-oral transmission.
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New Microbes New Infect · Sep 2020
Clinical and immunologic features among COVID-19-affected mother-infant pairs: antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 detected in breast milk.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remains threatening to women and children, but clinical evidence regarding women during pregnancy, puerperium and lactation is limited. We assessed clinical and immunologic features of and breastfeeding advice provided to mother-infant pairs. This observational analysis was conducted in a tertiary-care centre in Wuhan, China. ⋯ Both IgM and IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were detected in breast milk, cord blood and neonatal serum. The study results suggest that passive acquisition of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 is available by ingesting breast milk. Breastfeeding has a low risk of transmitting SARS-CoV-2 or escalating maternal disease, so continuing breastfeeding with prudent precautions is encouraged.
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New Microbes New Infect · May 2020
ReviewEpidemiology, genome, and clinical features of the pandemic SARS-CoV-2: a recent view.
Since the emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, China, the number of globally confirmed cases according to World Health Organization statistics reached 292 124 in 189 countries by 22 March 2020. The number of deaths reached 12 784, with estimated case-fatality rates ranging from 0.5% to 5.7%. Children population seems to be the least affected by the disease, while the highest rate of death is among the elderly and people with comorbidities. ⋯ Although much is still unknown about SARS-CoV-2, the scientific research is moving at an unprecedented pace towards understanding the nature, effective control, prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2. Various reports have suggested an in vivo evolution of the virus, which may explain the rapid spread and changing epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2, but further evidence is needed. Unfortunately, no effective treatment or therapeutic drug is available for the disease; only supportive treatment and classical intervention measures are available for confronting the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
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New Microbes New Infect · May 2020
ReviewNovel coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a pandemic (epidemiology, pathogenesis and potential therapeutics).
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is highly pathogenic viral infection caused by SARS-CoV-2. Currently, COVID-19 has caused global health concern. It is assumed that COVID-19 has zoonotic origin based on the large number of infected people who were exposed to the wet market in Wuhan City, China. ⋯ No clinically approved antiviral drug or vaccine against COVID-19 is reported yet. However, in clinical trials, few broad-spectrum antiviral drugs were evaluated against COVID-19 infection which resulted in clinical recovery. In this article emergence and pathogenicity of COVID-19 infection along with potential therapeutic strategies are analyzed to combat the COVID-19 pandemic.