International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
-
Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol · Dec 2017
Sevoflurane modulates the release of reactive oxygen species, myeloperoxidase, and elastase in human whole blood: Effects of different stimuli on neutrophil response to volatile anesthetic in vitro.
Volatile anesthetics have been shown to modulate polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) functions. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of clinically relevant concentrations of sevoflurane (SEVO), a volatile anesthetic, on the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and elastase (EL) from human activated PMNs. For this purpose, samples of whole blood were collected from healthy volunteers and exposed in vitro to 2.3% or 4.6% SEVO in air. ⋯ Overall, SEVO enhanced the release of ROS, MPO, and EL following artificial stimulation of PMNs but the volatile anesthetic inhibited the degranulation of active MPO and EL after neutrophil exposure to LPS and TNF-α. This study highlighted that the effect of SEVO on activated PMNs is dependent on the conditions of cell stimulation. These properties should be taken into consideration in future studies investigating immunomodulatory effects of volatile anesthetics.
-
Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol · Dec 2017
Serratiopeptidase reduces the invasion of osteoblasts by Staphylococcus aureus.
Finding new strategies to counteract periprosthetic infection and implant failure is a main target in orthopedics. Staphylococcus aureus, the leading etiologic agent of orthopedic implant infections, is able to enter and kill osteoblasts, to stimulate pro-inflammatory chemokine secretion, to recruit osteoclasts, and to cause inflammatory osteolysis. Moreover, by entering eukaryotic cells, staphylococci hide from the host immune defenses and shelter from the extracellular antibiotics. ⋯ The significance of the differences in the results of each test and the relative control values was determined with Student's t-test. SPEP impairs their invasiveness into osteoblasts, without affecting the viability and proliferation of bone cells, and tones down their production of MCP-1. We recognize SPEP as a potential tool against S. aureus bone infection and destruction.