Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR
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The education of radiology residents and fellows is a vitally important but costly process. This paper reviews the most common methods of funding graduate medical education. The majority of graduate medical education in the United States is funded by Medicare, but there are caps on the number of trainees allowed, and the government is cutting payments. Academic medicine, particularly academic radiology, is at a point of crisis today if new methods to provide additional support are not found.
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Innovations in the field of radiology have been and continue to be possible through research that includes patients or healthy volunteers, or both, as research subjects. This article describes the principles that guide the ethical conduct of research as well as the procedures by which those principles are implemented, with a focus on how the principles are relevant to human research in radiology. ⋯ These include distinguishing research endeavors from innovative treatment, determining the acceptability of randomization and placebos, compensating for the "therapeutic misconception" of research subjects, and deciding when to disclose test results and incidental findings from research to subjects. We offer suggestions for anticipating and resolving such issues.