JBI evidence synthesis
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JBI evidence synthesis · Aug 2020
ReviewRisk factors for hospital readmission in adult patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a systematic review.
The objective of this review was to identify and synthesize evidence on risk factors associated with hospital readmission within the first year after heart failure hospitalization among patients with heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. ⋯ This review provides a comprehensive overview of factors associated with a clinical outcome after a heart failure hospitalization in patients with heart failure with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 40%. Owing to the heterogeneity of variables investigated and the lack of comparability of findings, the clinical impact of the identified risk factors remains uncertain. This review highlights research gaps and the need for a standardized way to define and measure all-cause readmission, heart failure readmission, and composite end points in clinical research to improve study quality and enable comparison of findings between studies.
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JBI evidence synthesis · Aug 2020
ReviewEnteral nutrition for intubated adults in the intensive care unit prior to general anesthesia: a scoping review.
The objective of this scoping review was to examine and map fasting times for intubated adult patients in the intensive care unit prior to general anesthesia, and patient outcomes following the cessation of enteral nutrition. ⋯ The identified studies and protocols conclude that institutions apply different fasting times depending on procedure types and feeding access for patients with cuffed endotracheal tubes. Some protocols require fasting to begin at midnight on the day of the procedure, while others allow enteral nutrition to be continued throughout the procedure. All identified protocols exclude some procedures from a reduced fast, typically airway procedures and abdominal surgeries. Each institution has specific requirements for patients that qualify for a reduced fast - such as feeding tube location, type of procedure, and positioning during the procedure - as well as specific times for enteral nutrition to be held. Following review of the studies, no aspiration events were witnessed during any operative procedure where a reduced fast was used.
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JBI evidence synthesis · Aug 2020
Effectiveness of administering tranexamic acid to high-risk hip and knee arthroplasty patients: a systematic review protocol.
The objective of this review is to assess the safety and effectiveness in administering tranexamic acid in high-risk hip and knee arthroplasty patients. ⋯ A search will be conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science databases with the results being reported in a PRISMA flow diagram. Selected studies will be critically appraised by two independent reviewers for methodological quality. Study and outcome quality will be reported using the GRADE approach. Data will be extracted using a standardized data extraction tool. Studies will, where possible, be pooled in statistical meta-analysis. Effect sizes will be expressed as either odds ratios (for dichotomous data) or standardized mean differences (for continuous data) and their 95% confidence intervals will be calculated for analysis.