Kathmandu University medical journal (KUMJ)
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Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) · Jul 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of ketamine, fentanyl and clonidine as an adjuvant during bupivacaine caudal anaesthesia in paediatric patients.
Caudal epidural analgesia with bupivacaine is very popular in paediatric anaesthesia for providing intra- and postoperative analgesia. Several adjuvants have been used to prolong the action of bupivacaine. ⋯ We conclude that clonidine in a dose of 1 μg/kg, added to 0.25% bupivacaine for caudal analgesia and administered as a 0.75 ml/kg mixture in children, for subumbilical surgery, significantly prolongs the duration of post-operative analgesia when compared to 0.75 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine in normal saline than 0.75 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine with ketamine 0.5 mg/kg or 0.75 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine with fentanyl 1 mcg/kg or 0.75 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine alone, without any side effects.
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Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) · Jul 2012
Risk factors for stunting among children: a community based case control study in Nepal.
Stunting, a chronic condition, is an underlying cause of child morbidity and mortality in Nepal. This study intends to identify the factors causing stunting among children that will help to prioritize the strategies at the district level. ⋯ Stunting was found to be as a result of multiple factors such as socio-economic, environmental and inappropriate feeding practices.
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Dermatomyositis (DM) is an autoimmune disease that mainly affects the skin, muscle, and lung. The pathogenesis of skin inflammation in DM is not well understood. ⋯ He had elevated transaminases with detectable muscle weakness. This case highlights the need to consider dermatomyositis with skin lesion and weakness; and the use of aggressive immunosuppressive therapies due to its associated vasculopathies.