Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine
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To evaluate the prevalence and natural history of sleepiness following traumatic brain injury. ⋯ Sleepiness is common following traumatic injury, particularly TBI, with more severe injuries resulting in greater sleepiness. Sleepiness improves in many patients, particularly those with TBI. However, about a quarter of TBI subjects and non-cranial trauma control subjects remained sleepy 1 year after injury.
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Determine prevalence and consequences of sleepiness and sleep disorders after traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ There is a high prevalence of sleep disorders (46%) and of excessive daytime sleepiness (25%) in subjects with TBI. Sleepy subjects may be more impaired than comparable non-sleepy TBI subjects, yet be unaware of problems. Given the high prevalence of OSA (23%), PTH (11%), and narcolepsy (7%) in this population, there is a clinical indication for NPSG and MSLT.
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To examine the spectrum of sleep disorders in patients with chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI) and determine if the severity of sleep disorder is related to severity of chronic TBI. ⋯ The results of this study demonstrate that a full spectrum of common sleep disorders occurs in patients with chronic TBI. The severity of chronic TBI as measured by GAF scores is correlated with some of the measures of sleep disruption but not others, indicating a complex and multifactorial pathogenesis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Neuropsychological effects of 2-week continuous positive airway pressure treatment and supplemental oxygen in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized placebo-controlled study.
To determine predictors of neuropsychological functioning in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and whether treatment with 2-week continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or supplemental oxygen would improve cognitive functioning. ⋯ The present results suggest that Digit Vigilance-Time might be the most sensitive neuropsychological test for measuring the effects of the treatments. In general, 2 weeks of CPAP or oxygen-supplementation treatment was insufficient to show overall beneficial cognitive effects, as compared with placebo-CPAP. However, 2 weeks of CPAP treatment might be helpful in terms of speed of information processing, vigilance, or sustained attention and alertness.