Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine
-
Comparative Study
Central sleep apnea on commencement of continuous positive airway pressure in patients with a primary diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea.
Central sleep apnea (CSA) may occur in patients with snoring and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea (OSAH) during commencement of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. The presence of CSA may limit the effectiveness of CPAP therapy. The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of CSA amongst patients starting CPAP for OSAH and to identify possible predictors of this condition. ⋯ A significant minority of patients with a primary diagnosis of OSAH have either emergence or persistence of CSA on CPAP. Risk factors include male sex, history of cardiac disease, and CSA on baseline PSG.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Controlled Clinical Trial
Exploratory polysomnographic evaluation of pregabalin on sleep disturbance in patients with epilepsy.
To evaluate the effects of adjunctive pregabalin 300 mg/day versus placebo on polysomnographic (PSG) variables in patients with well controlled partial seizures and subjectively reported sleep disturbance. ⋯ This exploratory pilot study suggests that pregabalin may improve sleep continuity in patients with clinically relevant sleep disturbance. The effect on disturbed sleep appears independent of seizure control. The effects of pregabalin on disturbed sleep and seizures and their interrelationships warrant further study.
-
Comparative Study
Chronic opioid use is a risk factor for the development of central sleep apnea and ataxic breathing.
Chronic opioid therapy for pain management has increased dramatically without adequate study of potential deleterious effects on breathing during sleep. ⋯ There is a dose-dependent relationship between chronic opioid use and the development of a peculiar pattern of respiration consisting of central sleep apneas and ataxic breathing. Although potentially significant, the clinical relevance of these observations remains to be established.