Future cardiology
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The cardioprotective properties of volatile anesthetics have been widely demonstrated by numerous randomized studies and meta-analyses in the setting of cardiac surgery, above of all during coronary artery bypass grafting procedures. Recently, conflicting results have been presented in cardiac non-coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. ⋯ In this review we analyze and present the results of the most recent and important studies regarding anesthetic preconditioning in cardiac and in noncardiac surgery. Furthermore, we focus on the emerging data from animal experiments, discussing in particular the molecular mechanisms underlying anesthetic preconditioning.
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Although body weight scales are most commonly used to evaluate body fluid status during follow-up of definite heart failure (HF) patients, bioimpedance measurement methods have become increasingly available in the clinical setting. These monitoring methods, however, are typically used separately to evaluate body fluid status in HF patients. ⋯ This method combines the well-known advantages of body weighing with a refined bioimpedance technique to monitor HF status and provides valid information regarding a change in a patient's body fluid status during follow-up for HF, such as predominant fluid versus fat weight gain or loss. This special report describes examples of the practical use of this method for monitoring and treating definite HF patients.