Clinical toxicology : the official journal of the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology and European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists
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Clin Toxicol (Phila) · Aug 2016
Difference of the clinical course and outcome between dapsone-induced methemoglobinemia and other toxic-agent-induced methemoglobinemia.
Acquired methemoglobinemia is a potentially fatal condition that leads to tissue hypoxia. Although the clinical features of methemoglobinemia depend on the methemoglobin levels, the clinical course would differ depending on the causative agents. ⋯ The clinical course of dapsone-induced methemoglobinemia was worse than that of other toxic-agent-induced methemoglobinemia despite no significant difference in their initial clinical presentation. Continuous treatment with serial monitoring of the serum methemoglobin is necessary for patients with dapsone-induced methemoglobinemia.
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Clin Toxicol (Phila) · Aug 2016
Comparative StudyA prospective study of ketamine versus haloperidol for severe prehospital agitation.
Ketamine is an emerging drug for the treatment of acute undifferentiated agitation in the prehospital environment, however no prospective comparative studies have evaluated its effectiveness or safety in this clinical setting. ⋯ Ketamine is superior to haloperidol in terms of time to adequate sedation for severe prehospital acute undifferentiated agitation, but is associated with more complications and a higher intubation rate.
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Clin Toxicol (Phila) · Aug 2016
Increasing frequency and fatality of poison control center reported exposures involving medication and multiple substances: data from reports of the American Association of Poison Control Centers 1984-2013.
Medication use has become increasingly prevalent in the United States, with up trending use of both prescription and over the counter medication. The increasing use and availability of medication may be changing the nature of poisoning fatality. ⋯ Multiple substance exposures have become a greater percentage of cases reported to the AAPCC and have higher fatality rates than single substance exposures. The majority of fatal poisonings reported to the AAPCC between 1984 and 2013 involved medication. The percentage of fatal poisonings involving medication increased over the interval, as did the percentage of fatalities involving more than one medication. Fatalities involving multiple medications are now the most common type of fatal poisoning reported to the AAPCC.