Medicinski glasnik : official publication of the Medical Association of Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Aim COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 is spreading throughout the world affecting both healthy individuals and people with underlying immune-deficiencies. People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) consist a group multiply affected by this universal crisis. Methods Literature search aiming to identify relevant publications referring to the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in HIV infected population. ⋯ Intensive research is warranted to identify any interactions of the co-existence of the two viruses in the immune system of HIV infected patients as common pathophysiology and molecular aspects are recognized. Human relations are diminished as a result of the social measures, and detailed recording of the consequences in this population is needed. Conclusion Further research could shed light on the common underlying molecular mechanisms of both conditions in an attempt to discover treatment regimens for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Lenticulostriate vasculopathy (LSV) is a relatively common fi nding in routine cranial ultrasound examination that has been associated with many infectious and non-infectious conditions. The aim of this review was to provide a better understanding of LSV ultrasound fi nding, as well as the need for further laboratory and imaging examinations in infants. ⋯ In contrast, some authors pointed out that LSV could be found relatively often, and believe that isolated LSV, especially lower-grade, is not predictive for an unfavourable outcome and a long-term prognosis. Therefore, although 35 years have passed since the first publication of LSV, there is still no consensus among experts on the clinical signifi cance of isolated LSV, but caution is certainly needed given the fact that most infants with congenital CMV are asymptomatic.
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Aim Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have potent immunosuppressive properties to control systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease by inhibiting indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), and increasing regulatory T cells (Treg) to control innate and adaptive immune cells. However, the interaction and mechanism regarding IDO and B cells in the co-culture of MSC and SLE peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMCs) remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of MSCs in controlling B cells through IDO expression in PBMC of SLE patients. ⋯ Results The percentages of B cells decreased significantly in groups treated by dose-dependent MSCs, particularly in T1 and T2 groups. These findings were aligned with the significant decrease of the IDO level. Conclusion MSCs control B cells-mediated by a decrease of IDO in PBMC of SLE patients.
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Aim Plastic clips are a diamagnetic material and produce fewer artefacts in the MR field than titanium clips, which are standard in neurosurgery. However, alongside their physical properties, the shape of the clips, and their very geometry subtlety affects their behaviour in the magnetic field. Therefore, we performed a simulation in order to establish which clips cause less disturbance in the magnetic field from the point of view of the geometry of the body. ⋯ The simpler geometry of the plastic clips resulted in a less intensive magnetic field, amounting to c. (A/m), which is an entire order of magnitude less than the field with the titanium clips. Conclusion The simpler geometry of the plastic clips and the type of material from which they are made causes less disturbance to the magnetic field, which was precisely confirmed with the simulation model. The use of plastic clips in neurosurgery and neuroradiology will facilitate the interpretation of MR images.
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Aim To examine the prevalence of depression in patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), as well as the relationship between the depression and quality of life. Methods The survey was conducted via sociodemographic questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Short Form 36 Health Survey questionnaire (SF-36). The result of SF-36 is expressed in subscales that make up the health status profile, i.e. physical functioning, physical role, emotional role, social functioning, mental health, vitality, pain and general health. ⋯ Depression was negatively associated with physical functioning, physical role, emotional role, social functioning, mental health, vitality, pain and general health. Physical functioning (r= -0.701; p<0.01) and physical role (r = -0.538; p<0.01) had the highest correlation with depression. Conclusion The evaluation of depressive symptoms after AMI is imperative, because the appearance of symptoms could have an effect on the patient's quality of life.