Medicinski glasnik : official publication of the Medical Association of Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Aim Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a heterogeneous condition that has been associated with inflammatory responses and is characterized by clinical typical symptoms of nasal itching, sneezing, watery discharge and congestion. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that have the immunoregulatory ability by secreting various cytokines which potent as a promising therapeutic modality for allergic airway diseases, including AR. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rat UC-MSCs on the number of mast cells, the expression of Hsp70 indicated by the nasal symptoms allergic, particularly nasal rubbing in ovalbumininduced AR rats. ⋯ The nasal cavity tissues were prepared for histological observations. Results The administration of UC-MSCs could reduce the number of mast cells and the expression of Hsp70 leading to reduction of nasal symptoms allergic, particularly nasal rubbing. Conclusion Based on this finding, MSCs present a promising immediate curative effect to the inflammatory reaction in AR rats.
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Aim Thyroid nodules are very common and may be found in more than 50% of the population. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of thyroid nodules is a very useful diagnostic tool with high sensitivity and predictive value for diagnosis. The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (BSRTC) uses six categories for thyroid cytology reporting (I-nondiagnostic, IIbenign, III-atypia of undetermined significance (AUS)/ follicular lesion of undetermined significance (FLUS), IV-follicular neoplasm/suspicious for follicular neoplasm (SFN), V-suspicious for malignancy, and VI-malignant. ⋯ Incidental malignancy was found in 1.53% (8/522) cases of Bethesda II. The most common malignant tumour type was papillary thyroid carcinoma. Conclusion The current study demonstrates that incidental thyroid carcinoma can be diagnosed after thyroidectomy even in patients with an FNA categorized as Bethesda II.
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Aim COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 is spreading throughout the world affecting both healthy individuals and people with underlying immune-deficiencies. People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) consist a group multiply affected by this universal crisis. Methods Literature search aiming to identify relevant publications referring to the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in HIV infected population. ⋯ Intensive research is warranted to identify any interactions of the co-existence of the two viruses in the immune system of HIV infected patients as common pathophysiology and molecular aspects are recognized. Human relations are diminished as a result of the social measures, and detailed recording of the consequences in this population is needed. Conclusion Further research could shed light on the common underlying molecular mechanisms of both conditions in an attempt to discover treatment regimens for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Aim To investigate clinical presentation of COVID-19 infection in pregnancy, its course during pregnancy, effects on pregnancy outcomes for both mothers and newborns as well as the potential for vertical transmission. Methods This retrospective observational study included all identifi ed COVID-19-positive pregnant women admitted to the Cantonal Hospital in Zenica at any stage of pregnancy or labour from 30 April 2020 to April 30 2021. Maternity and newborns were followed until discharge from the hospital. ⋯ Conclusion COVID-19 viral disease in pregnancy is usually presented as an asymptomatic or mild disease. It is associated with high rates of preterm birth, admission of newborns to the intensive care unit and intrauterine foetal death. Vertical transmission is possible but the newborns were asymptomatic.
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Aim Plastic clips are a diamagnetic material and produce fewer artefacts in the MR field than titanium clips, which are standard in neurosurgery. However, alongside their physical properties, the shape of the clips, and their very geometry subtlety affects their behaviour in the magnetic field. Therefore, we performed a simulation in order to establish which clips cause less disturbance in the magnetic field from the point of view of the geometry of the body. ⋯ The simpler geometry of the plastic clips resulted in a less intensive magnetic field, amounting to c. (A/m), which is an entire order of magnitude less than the field with the titanium clips. Conclusion The simpler geometry of the plastic clips and the type of material from which they are made causes less disturbance to the magnetic field, which was precisely confirmed with the simulation model. The use of plastic clips in neurosurgery and neuroradiology will facilitate the interpretation of MR images.