Medicinski glasnik : official publication of the Medical Association of Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Lenticulostriate vasculopathy (LSV) is a relatively common fi nding in routine cranial ultrasound examination that has been associated with many infectious and non-infectious conditions. The aim of this review was to provide a better understanding of LSV ultrasound fi nding, as well as the need for further laboratory and imaging examinations in infants. ⋯ In contrast, some authors pointed out that LSV could be found relatively often, and believe that isolated LSV, especially lower-grade, is not predictive for an unfavourable outcome and a long-term prognosis. Therefore, although 35 years have passed since the first publication of LSV, there is still no consensus among experts on the clinical signifi cance of isolated LSV, but caution is certainly needed given the fact that most infants with congenital CMV are asymptomatic.
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Aim To investigate the role of short-term diazepam therapy for improving long-term outcomes and reducing neck pain after whiplash injury. Methods A total of 89 patients suffering from whiplash injury were included. They were randomly assigned into 2 groups: group A (study group), and group B (control group). ⋯ According to the Mann Whitney U -Test, no significant difference was observed in VAS, NDI, and WDQ scores between the control group and study group at any time point (p>0.05). Conclusion Diazepam provides no substantial advantage in the treatment of whiplash, and accordingly, we do not recommend diazepam therapy in patients who suffered whiplash injury. The trial was registered in the database of the Federal National Library of Medicine (NLM) (https://clinicaltrials.gov) under clinical trials (unique protocol ID:1703016).
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Aim COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 is spreading throughout the world affecting both healthy individuals and people with underlying immune-deficiencies. People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) consist a group multiply affected by this universal crisis. Methods Literature search aiming to identify relevant publications referring to the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in HIV infected population. ⋯ Intensive research is warranted to identify any interactions of the co-existence of the two viruses in the immune system of HIV infected patients as common pathophysiology and molecular aspects are recognized. Human relations are diminished as a result of the social measures, and detailed recording of the consequences in this population is needed. Conclusion Further research could shed light on the common underlying molecular mechanisms of both conditions in an attempt to discover treatment regimens for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Aim Thyroid nodules are very common and may be found in more than 50% of the population. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of thyroid nodules is a very useful diagnostic tool with high sensitivity and predictive value for diagnosis. The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (BSRTC) uses six categories for thyroid cytology reporting (I-nondiagnostic, IIbenign, III-atypia of undetermined significance (AUS)/ follicular lesion of undetermined significance (FLUS), IV-follicular neoplasm/suspicious for follicular neoplasm (SFN), V-suspicious for malignancy, and VI-malignant. ⋯ Incidental malignancy was found in 1.53% (8/522) cases of Bethesda II. The most common malignant tumour type was papillary thyroid carcinoma. Conclusion The current study demonstrates that incidental thyroid carcinoma can be diagnosed after thyroidectomy even in patients with an FNA categorized as Bethesda II.
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Aim Plastic clips are a diamagnetic material and produce fewer artefacts in the MR field than titanium clips, which are standard in neurosurgery. However, alongside their physical properties, the shape of the clips, and their very geometry subtlety affects their behaviour in the magnetic field. Therefore, we performed a simulation in order to establish which clips cause less disturbance in the magnetic field from the point of view of the geometry of the body. ⋯ The simpler geometry of the plastic clips resulted in a less intensive magnetic field, amounting to c. (A/m), which is an entire order of magnitude less than the field with the titanium clips. Conclusion The simpler geometry of the plastic clips and the type of material from which they are made causes less disturbance to the magnetic field, which was precisely confirmed with the simulation model. The use of plastic clips in neurosurgery and neuroradiology will facilitate the interpretation of MR images.