International journal of obesity : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity
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To investigate the associations of birth weight, body mass index (BMI) during childhood and youth, and current BMI with adult lung function. ⋯ Our findings confirm the detrimental effect of high current BMI on adult lung function, and further suggest that early childhood growth has a protective influence.
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Exposure to risk factors in childhood may have long-term influences on vascular structure and function. This paper reviews recent findings from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study looking at the relationships between risk factors identified in childhood, including obesity, and arterial structure/function assessed in adulthood. ⋯ The data from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study suggest that obesity indices measured in youth are significantly associated with increased carotid artery IMT and decreased elasticity in adulthood. These relations are, at least, partly explained by significant tracking of obesity from youth to adulthood. These findings emphasize the importance of maintaining ideal weight from youth to adulthood in cardiovascular risk reduction.
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To assess the effect of weight change on the relationship between coffee and tea consumption and diabetes risk. ⋯ The negative relationship between diabetes risk and consumption of ground coffee and regular tea, observed for all NHEFS subjects, actually only applied to nonelderly adults who had previously lost weight.
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The increasing prevalence of childhood obesity is a global problem. There are a variety of environmental factors that may be contributing to this increase. One such factor may be the increased consumption of soft drinks. ⋯ There is an association between obesity and consumption of soft drinks. Initiatives focusing on reducing the consumption of these drinks may help to prevent a further increase in childhood obesity.
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While obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is strongly related to obesity, few studies have examined polysomnographic (PSG) changes with major weight loss. We examined the effect of weight loss following laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) on the PSG changes in patients with severe OSA. In addition, we studied daytime sleepiness, the metabolic syndrome and quality of life (QOL). ⋯ Weight loss provides major improvement or resolution of OSA and CPAP requirements. It also reduces daytime sleepiness, and improves the metabolic syndrome and QOL. LAGB placement should be considered a broadly effective therapy for sleep apnea in the severely obese patient.