Internal and emergency medicine
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Historical Article
Practical implications of the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine: from molecular adaptation to hypoxia to novel anti-anemic drugs in the clinic.
The 2019 Nobel Prize for Medicine or Physiology was assigned to three prestigious physician-scientists, Gregg L. Semenza, William G. ⋯ Ratcliffe, who clarified the molecular mechanisms of hypoxia adaptation. This viewpoint traces their fundamental findings, which have paved the way for the development of innovative drugs for a wide range of common diseases, including cancer and anemia.
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Gastrostomy tubes (G-tubes) are frequently used in children for feeding and nutrition. Complications related to G-tubes (and G-buttons) in children represent a common presentation to the emergency department (ED). G-tube replacement is usually performed by pediatric emergency medicine physicians. ⋯ This is the first report of pediatricians using POCUS to guide and confirm G-tube replacement in children. The success of these cases suggests the technique's feasibility. Future prospective studies are needed to evaluate the learning curves, diagnostic accuracy, ED length-of-stay, and use of confirmatory imaging.