Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN
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Clin J Am Soc Nephrol · Jul 2014
Multicenter Study Comparative Study Observational StudyComparative effectiveness of two catheter locking solutions to reduce catheter-related bloodstream infection in hemodialysis patients.
Infection is the second leading cause of death in hemodialysis patients. Catheter-related bloodstream infection and infection-related mortality have not improved in this population over the past two decades. This study evaluated the impact of a prophylactic antibiotic lock solution on the incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infection and mortality. ⋯ The results of this study show that the use of a prophylactic, gentamicin/citrate lock was associated with a substantial reduction in catheter-related bloodstream infection and is the first to report a survival advantage of antibiotic lock in a population at high risk of infection-related morbidity and mortality.
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Clin J Am Soc Nephrol · Jul 2014
Observational StudyAssessment of KDIGO definitions in patients with histopathologic evidence of acute renal disease.
AKI is a clinical syndrome with various causes involving glomerular, interstitial, tubular, and vascular compartments of the kidney. Acute kidney disease (AKD) is a new concept that includes both AKI and the conditions associated with subacute decreases in GFR (AKD/non-AKI). This study aimed to investigate the correlation between AKI/AKD defined by clinical presentation and diffuse histologic criteria for acute abnormalities based on renal biopsy. ⋯ Diffuse, acute abnormality defined by renal biopsy and AKI defined by clinical presentation are two different entities. Most patients who have diffuse acute histologic findings met the criteria for AKD, whereas only two thirds met the definition of AKI.
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Clin J Am Soc Nephrol · Jul 2014
Derivation of urine output thresholds that identify a very high risk of AKI in patients with septic shock.
To promote early detection of AKI, recently proposed pretest probability models combine sub-Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) AKI criteria with baseline AKI risk. The primary objective of this study was to determine sub-KDIGO thresholds that identify patients with septic shock at highest risk for AKI. ⋯ Three to 5 hours of consecutive oliguria in patients with septic shock may provide a valuable measure of AKI risk. Further validation to support this finding is needed.