Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyū no shinpo
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Traumatic brain injury is one of the subjects that always arouse intense attention from emergency medicine. In the latter half of the 1960s, death by traffic accidents had drastically increased in Japan and, this period was called "the age of traffic war". Traumatic brain injury was considered to be one of the major causes of traffic death, and the need for neurosurgeons was widely recognized. ⋯ This time, we report on actual incidences of traumatic brain injury in Japan. We have compared 1,002 cases from Project 1998 with other 1,101 cases from Project 2004. We think that it is essential for neurosurgeons engaging in emergency medicine to make a continuous effort to wards accumulating data regarding traumatic brain injury and improving the guideline.