Influenza and other respiratory viruses
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Influenza Other Respi Viruses · Nov 2013
A(H1N1)pdm09 hemagglutinin D222G and D222N variants are frequently harbored by patients requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and advanced respiratory assistance for severe A(H1N1)pdm09 infection.
In patients with A(H1N1)pdm09 infection, severe lung involvement requiring admission to intensive care units (ICU) has been reported. Mutations at the hemagglutinin (HA) receptor binding site (RBS) have been associated with increased virulence and disease severity, representing a potential marker of critical illness. ⋯ A(H1N1)pdm09 HA substitutions D222G and D222N were harbored in a significantly higher proportion by patients with acute respiratory distress for A(H1N1)pdm09 severe infection requiring ICU admission and ECMO. These data emphasize the importance of monitoring viral evolution for understanding virus-host adaptation aimed at the surveillance of strain circulation and the study of viral correlates of disease severity.
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Influenza Other Respi Viruses · Nov 2013
Outbreaks of influenza-like illness in long-term care facilities in Winnipeg, Canada.
Outbreaks of influenza-like illness (ILI) are common in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) and result in significant morbidity and mortality among residents. ⋯ Influenza-like illness outbreaks still occur among highly immunized LTCF residents, so in addition to vaccination of staff and residents, it is important to maintain competent infection control practices. Early identification and notification to public health authorities and possibly early initiation of control measures could improve clinical outcomes of ILI outbreaks.
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Influenza Other Respi Viruses · Nov 2013
Review Meta AnalysisBurden of influenza in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Influenza causes severe morbidity and mortality. This systematic review aimed to assess the incidence, etiology, and resource usage for influenza in Latin America and the Caribbean. ⋯ Our data show that seasonal influenza imposes a high morbidity and economic burden to the region. However, the vaccine-uptake rate has been low in this region. Population-based cohort studies are required to improve the knowledge about incidence and resource utilization, which would inform healthcare authorities for decision making.
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Influenza Other Respi Viruses · Nov 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialImmunogenicity and safety of a 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) monovalent vaccine in Chinese infants aged 6-35 months: a randomized, double-blind, controlled phase I clinical trial.
The goal of this double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial was to assess the safety and immunogenicity of two different doses of a monovalent split-virion 2009 pandemic influenza A/H1N1 vaccine without adjuvant in Chinese infants aged 6-35 months. DESIGN AND SETTING Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either a 2009 pandemic (H1N1) vaccine containing 7.5 or 15 μg haemagglutinin (HA) or a seasonal influenza vaccine. 2 doses of the H1N1 vaccines or the seasonal influenza vaccine were given 21 days apart in younger infants aged 6-23 months or older infants aged 24-35 months. ⋯ The 2009 pandemic influenza A /H1N1 vaccine were highly immunogenic in infants aged 6-35 months, and displayed a safety and reactogenicity profile similar to the seasonal influenza vaccine.