Medicina
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The composition of urine is influenced by diet and changes in dietary factors have been proposed to modify the risk of recurrent nephrolithiasis. Nutrients that have been implicated include calcium, oxalate, sodium, animal protein, magnesium and potassium. There is significant evidence showing that a high calcium diet is associated with a reduction of lithogenic risk. ⋯ Potassium-rich foods increase urinary citrate because of its alkali content. In prospective observational studies, diets rich in magnesium were associated with a lower risk of kidney stone formation in men. In conclusion, diet is a key element in the management of the patient with kidney stones but always subordinated to present metabolic risk factors.
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Acute cerebellar ataxia of childhood is the most frequent neurological complication of chickenpox virus infection. Acute cerebellar ataxia is categorized within the group of acute postinfectious complications. The aims of this study were: (I) to evaluate the clinical presentation, management, and follow-up of children hospitalized due to acute cerebellar ataxia in a tertiary pediatric hospital, where immunization for chickenpox is not available, and (II) to describe the differential diagnosis of acute postinfectious cerebellitis. ⋯ Intravenous acyclovir was used in 23 patients, however, no significant differences were found in clinical manifestations and follow-up between treated and untreated patients. Ataxia was the first clinical manifestation. Mean hospital stay ranged from 2 to 11 days with a mean of 4 days.
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We report the case of an infant with an episode of loss of consciousness, in whom ventricular fibrillation was diagnosed. He was successfully defibrillated and long QT syndrome was diagnosed as his baseline disease. This case constitutes a documented example of this entity as a cause of the sudden infant death syndrome.
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Observational Study
[Epidemiology of hemolytic uremic syndrome in two regions of Buenos Aires Province].
The objectives of this study were (a) to describe and estimate the frequency of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in rural and urban populations in two regions of Buenos Aires Province, and (b) to compare the presentation and distribution of factors hypothetically associated with HUS. A total of 82 HUS cases, recorded during the years 2005-2010 in rural and urban areas of the south-central region of Buenos Aires Province, were clinically and epidemiologically characterized. Statistical data analysis included Chi square or Fisher test and median test. ⋯ Although HUS is often associated with the consumption of undercooked minced meat, most of the children cases here included did not present this antecedent. Clinical manifestations were similar in both subpopulations. One-third of urban patients had received antibiotics prior to HUS development.
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Autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxias belong to a broader group of disorders known as inherited ataxias. In most cases onset occurs before the age of 20. These neurological disorders are characterized by degeneration or abnormal development of the cerebellum and spinal cord. ⋯ Corticosteroids have been used to reduce ataxia symptoms in ataxia telangiectasia. Coenzyme Q10 deficiency associated with ataxia may be responsive to Co Q10 or ubidecarenone supplementations. Early treatment of these disorders may be associated with a better drug response.