Medicina
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Multicenter Study
[Factors associated with the risk of COVID-19 in health-care workers].
Although healthcare personnel are considered a high-risk group for SARS-CoV-2 infection due to their exposure, research on the factors associated with their infection is limited. The objective was to identify factors associated with the acquisition of COVID-19 in healthcare personnel. ⋯ This study allowed us to identify different potentially modifiable factors on which action should be taken to reduce the risk of acquiring COVID-19 by the healthcare personnel.
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The use of high-flow nasal therapy (HFNT) in patients with severe acute respiratory failure (SARF) due to COVID-19 pneumonia (NCOVID-19) is debated. Given the lack of beds in Intensive Care Units in the Public Health System of the Province of Neuquén, their use was implemented in general wards. This restrospective multicenter study was carried out to describe the experience of using HNFT in patients with SARF due to NCOVID-19. ⋯ The general IHM was 48.5% (145/299), 70.4% (93/132) in patients with IMV, 4.2% (5/120) died after successful weaning from HFNT and 100% (47/47) in the group not candidates for intubation. Patients with TNAFO had a statistically significant decrease in MIH and days of hospitalization. TNAFO in general wards achieved a decrease in the use of IMV, with a reduction in mortality and days of stay in hospitalized for NCOVID-19 with SARF.
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Advances in knowledge incorporated in the last decade have modified the treatment paradigm in most of the malignant hematological diseases. In particular, the introduction of Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi) and other target drugs together with new monoclonal antibodies have become agents of choice for both chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and other peripheral "B" lymphomas such as mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). ⋯ On the other hand, the new drugs modified the profile of adverse events, which forced the development of new subspecialties such as cardio-oncology, which currently constitutes a bastion for the rational management of these patients. This review aims to highlight the current state of knowledge on these pathologies, pharmacological principles together with new adverse events of iBTK and the invaluable contribution of cardiology for correct management of these patients.
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There are few data devoted to the combined assessment of the nutritional and respiratory status of subjects with neuromuscular diseases. The objective was to establish correlations between compartmental nutritional variables and respiratory variables to identify respiratory muscle weakness determinants of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Cross-sectional study with ALS and DMD patients included in an Institutional Registry of Neuromuscular diseases. ⋯ The CHI% showed the strongest (r > 0.700) positive linear relationship with FVC%, MIP%, MEP%, and PCF% in both ALS and DMD patients (p < 0.001). In this study our patients, BMI did not accurately reflect body composition and underestimated excess fat. This study puts into perspective the relevance of compartmental evaluation to assess respiratory muscle function and establishes that body muscle mass is the most relevant nutritional parameter in relation to respiratory muscle strength.
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Acknowledging the rates of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery is very important to understand the seriousness of the disease. Until now, there is no data of this situation in Argentina. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery at a tertiary hospital, a medical facility which provides a high degree of subspecialty expertise, in Buenos Aires, Argentina. ⋯ The incidence of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in this hospital is within the range reported globally. Knowing the regional incidence contributes to decide if new prophylaxis measures are necessary.