Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
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J Tissue Eng Regen Med · Mar 2018
Comparative StudyComparison of three different types of scaffolds preseeded with human bone marrow mononuclear cells on the bone healing in a femoral critical size defect model of the athymic rat.
Large bone defects often pose major difficulties in orthopaedic surgery. The application of long-term cultured stem cells combined with a scaffold lead to a significant improvement of bone healing in recent experiments but is strongly restricted by European Union law. Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMC), however, can be isolated and transplanted within a few hours and have been proven effective in experimental models of bone healing. ⋯ Gene activity was measured after 1 week, and bone formation was analysed histologically and radiologically after 8 weeks. Generally, regenerative gene expression (BMP2, RUNX2, VEGF, SDF-1, and RANKL) as well as bony bridging and callus formation was observed to be most pronounced in defects filled with autologous bone, followed in descending order by DBM, β-TCP, and BS. Although DBM was superior in most aspects of bone regeneration analysed in comparison to β-TCP and BS, the level of autologous bone could not be attained.
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J Tissue Eng Regen Med · Mar 2018
Biocompatibility of two model elastin-like recombinamer-based hydrogels formed through physical or chemical cross-linking for various applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Biocompatibility studies, especially innate immunity induction, in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity, and fibrosis, are often lacking for many novel biomaterials including recombinant protein-based ones, such as elastin-like recombinamers (ELRs), and has not been extensively explored in the scientific literature, in contrast to traditional biomaterials. Herein, we present the results from a set of experiments designed to elucidate the preliminary biocompatibility of 2 types of ELRs that are able to form extracellular matrix-like hydrogels through either physical or chemical cross-linking both of which are intended for different applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. ⋯ Furthermore, both types of ELR-based hydrogels were injected subcutaneously in immunocompetent mice and serum TNFα, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, confirming the lack of inflammatory response, as also observed upon macroscopic and histological evaluation. All these findings suggest that both types of ELRs possess broad biocompatibility, thus making them very promising for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine-related applications.